Abstract: An electron beam addressed crystal light valve (LCLV) produces an AC voltage across a liquid crystal layer from a single polarity electron beam, and exhibits very high resolution. A mirror and a thin layer of partially conductive material are deposited on a support membrane on the electron beam side of the liquid crystal. The partially conductive layer is divided into a series of pixel elements by a conductive matrix which faces the electron beam. Electrons from the beam are absorbed by the partially conductive layer to establish a negative voltage across the liquid crystal, and then flow out to the conductive matrix to produce an AC voltage prior to the next electron beam scan. The conductive matrix is connected in circuit with a transparent electrode which provides a voltage reference on the readout side of the liquid crystal.

Abstract: A method for polishing semiconductors, particularly surfaces of CdS. The method is comprised of polishing a substrate with a pad charged with Transene and Cab-O-Sil while an iodine solution is added in small quantities. The last period of polishing is done while flushing the polishing pad with Transene. Upon completion of polishing, the substrate is given an immediate wash with Transene, followed by ultrasonic cleaning in Transene. After the ultrasonic cleaning, the substrate is again rinsed in Transene and then spun dried. The cleaning process is continuous and the cleaning solutions are kept in active contact with the substrate in order to provide a haze-free product.