Abstract: A method to detect a gas absorption line that includes alternately transmitting and sweeping two radio frequency (RF) signals through an absorption cell, wherein the two RF signals are transmitted at different frequencies separated by a range and are swept across a span of frequencies in a microwave and millimeter wave regions of a frequency spectrum. Receiving the RF signals by a receiver and analyzing the received signals by a closed loop system for relative absorption by a gas due to an absorption line of the gas in the span of the swept frequencies. Detecting the absorption line of the gas when the two RF signals straddle the gas absorption line and the relative absorption by the two RF signals is equal.

Abstract: A frequency reference device that includes a frequency reference generation unit to generate a frequency reference signal based on an absorption line of a gas.

Abstract: A technique for removing the background from a transmission spectrum including determining performance characteristics of a detector, measuring a transmission spectrum that includes an absorption line, determining performance characteristics of a gas cell, and removing a background spectrum from the transmission spectrum by combining the transmission spectrum with the performance characteristics of the detector and the performance characteristics of the gas cell.

Abstract: A system and method for batch control processing includes at least one controller having instructions and database. The database includes information relating to instruments, control modules, and equipment modules and the instructions pull information from the database to control the system and process, a manufacturing facility is provided that manipulates materials to form products. The facility includes a plurality of components that manipulate or measure the material and at least one controller having instructions and at least one database. The database includes information grouping the plurality of components into task oriented groups, referred to as equipment modules. When the facility requires the completion of tasks, the instructions in the controllers pull information from the database regarding which facility components are required to complete the particular task.

Abstract: A device for generating a frequency reference including a frequency reference generation unit coupled to an integration cell to generate a frequency reference signal based on radio frequency (RF) produced pressure waves detected by an acoustic detector in the integration cell.

Abstract: A frequency reference device that includes a frequency reference generation unit to generate a frequency reference signal based on an absorption line of a gas.

Abstract: A technique for removing the background from a transmission spectrum including determining performance characteristics of a detector, measuring a transmission spectrum that includes an absorption line, determining performance characteristics of a gas cell, and removing a background spectrum from the transmission spectrum by combining the transmission spectrum with the performance characteristics of the detector and the performance characteristics of the gas cell.

Abstract: A method to detect a gas absorption line that includes alternately transmitting and sweeping two radio frequency (RF) signals through an absorption cell, wherein the two RF signals are transmitted at different frequencies separated by a range and are swept across a span of frequencies in a microwave and millimeter wave regions of a frequency spectrum. Receiving the RF signals by a receiver and analyzing the received signals by a closed loop system for relative absorption by a gas due to an absorption line of the gas in the span of the swept frequencies. Detecting the absorption line of the gas when the two RF signals straddle the gas absorption line and the relative absorption by the two RF signals is equal.