Abstract: The present invention relates to an ambisonic encoder for a sound wave having a plurality of reflections. The ambisonic encoder according to the invention makes it possible to improve the sensation of immersion in a 3D audio scene. The complexity of encoding of the reflections of sound sources for an ambisonic encoder according to the invention is less than the complexity of encoding of the reflections of sound sources of an ambisonic encoder according to the prior art. The ambisonic encoder according to the invention makes it possible to encode a greater number of reflections of a sound source in real time. The ambisonic encoder according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the power consumption related to ambisonic encoding, and to increase the life of a battery of a mobile device used for said application.

Abstract: A surgical instrument having a proximal end, a distal end and a shaft, the shaft comprising a plurality of joint components connected in series, each joint component comprising first and second connectors, which connectors are axially spaced apart from one another at first and second ends of a respective joint component, characterised in that the first connector comprises a first rolling surface, and the second connector comprise a second rolling surface, and wherein each joint component comprises a first spur gear extending from the first rolling surface, and a second spur gear extending from the second rolling surface, wherein the first rolling surface of a first joint component is engageable with the second rolling surface of a second joint component to form a rolling joint, and the second rolling surface of the first joint component is engageable with a first rolling surface of a third rolling joint.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ambisonic encoder for a sound wave having a plurality of reflections. The ambisonic encoder according to the invention makes it possible to improve the sensation of immersion in a 3D audio scene. The complexity of encoding of the reflections of sound sources for an ambisonic encoder according to the invention is less than the complexity of encoding of the reflections of sound sources of an ambisonic encoder according to the prior art. The ambisonic encoder according to the invention makes it possible to encode a greater number of reflections of a sound source in real time. The ambisonic encoder according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the power consumption related to ambisonic encoding, and to increase the life of a battery of a mobile device used for said application.

Abstract: An ambisonic encoder for a sound wave has a plurality of reflections. The ambisonic encoder makes it possible to improve the sensation of immersion in a 3D audio scene. The complexity of encoding of the reflections of sound sources for an ambisonic encoder is less than the complexity of encoding of the reflections of sound sources of previously known ambisonic encoders. The ambisonic encoder makes it possible to encode a greater number of reflections of a sound source in real time, and makes it possible to reduce the power consumption related to ambisonic encoding, and to increase the life of a battery of a mobile device used for said application.

Abstract: An ambisonic encoder for a sound wave has a plurality of reflections. The ambisonic encoder makes it possible to improve the sensation of immersion in a 3D audio scene. The complexity of encoding of the reflections of sound sources for an ambisonic encoder is less than the complexity of encoding of the reflections of sound sources of previously known ambisonic encoders. The ambisonic encoder makes it possible to encode a greater number of reflections of a sound source in real time, and makes it possible to reduce the power consumption related to ambisonic encoding, and to increase the life of a battery of a mobile device used for said application.

Abstract: A recording is usually a mixture of signals from several sound sources. The directions of the dominant sources in the recording may be known or determined using a source localization algorithm. To isolate or focus on a target source, multiple beamformers may be used. In one embodiment, each beamformer points to a direction of a dominant source and the outputs from the beamformers are processed to focus on the target source. Depending on whether the beamformer pointing to the target source has an output that is larger than the outputs of other beamformers, a reference signal or a scaled output of the beamformer pointing to the target source can be used to determine the signal corresponding to the target source. The scaling factor may depend on a ratio of the output of the beamformer pointing to the target source and the maximum value of the outputs of the other beamformers.

Abstract: An encoder and a method for encoding a digital signal are provided. The method includes encoding a preceding frame of samples of the digital signal according to a predictive encoding process, and encoding a current frame of samples of the digital signal according to a transform encoding process. The method is implemented such that a first portion of the current frame is also encoded by predictive encoding that is limited relative to the predictive encoding of the preceding frame by reusing at least one parameter of the predictive encoding of the preceding frame and only encoding the parameters of said first portion of the current frame that are not reused. A decoder and a decoding method are also provided, which correspond to the described encoding method.

Abstract: A method of binary allocation in an enhancement coding/decoding for improving a hierarchical coding/decoding of digital audio signals, including a core coding/decoding in a first frequency band and a band extension coding/decoding in a second frequency band. For a predetermined number of bits to be allocated for the enhancement coding/decoding, a first number of bits is allocated to a coding/decoding for correcting the core coding/decoding in the first frequency band and according to a first mode of coding/decoding and a second number of bits is allocated to an enhancement coding/decoding for improving the extension coding/decoding in the second frequency band and according to a second mode of coding/decoding. Also provided are an allocation module implementing the method and a coder and decoder including this module.

Abstract: A method of hierarchical coding of a digital audio frequency input signal into several frequency sub-bands, including a core coding of the input signal according to a first throughput and at least one enhancement coding of higher throughput, of a residual signal. The core coding uses a binary allocation according to an energy criterion. The method includes for the enhancement coding: calculating a frequency-based masking threshold for at least part of the frequency bands processed by the enhancement coding; determining a perceptual importance per frequency sub-band as a function of the masking threshold and as a function of the number of bits allocated for the core coding; binary allocation of bits in the frequency sub-bands processed by the enhancement coding, as a function of the perceptual importance determined; and coding the residual signal according to the bit allocation. Also provided are a decoding method, a coder and a decoder.

Abstract: An encoder and a method for encoding a digital signal are provided. The method includes encoding a preceding frame of samples of the digital signal according to a predictive encoding process, and encoding a current frame of samples of the digital signal according to a transform encoding process. The method is implemented such that a first portion of the current frame is also encoded by predictive encoding that is limited relative to the predictive encoding of the preceding frame by reusing at least one parameter of the predictive encoding of the preceding frame and only encoding the parameters of said first portion of the current frame that are not reused. A decoder and a decoding method are also provided, which correspond to the described encoding method.

Abstract: In the field of coding/decoding in telecommunications networks, an error correcting decoder and associated decoding method are adapted to a mesh network. In particular, the system for the decoding of a plurality of coded copies of a data word includes at least a first decoding stage with: a plurality of soft decision decoders, each decoder being arranged for decoding a coded copy received as decoder input, and a graph-based decoder comprising a plurality of nodes, each node of said graph-based decoder receiving the soft output value from a corresponding decoder and the graph-based decoder determining a decoding value of said data word on the basis of said soft output values.

Abstract: A method of hierarchical coding of a digital audio frequency input signal into several frequency sub-bands, including a core coding of the input signal according to a first throughput and at least one enhancement coding of higher throughput, of a residual signal. The core coding uses a binary allocation according to an energy criterion. The method includes for the enhancement coding: calculating a frequency-based masking threshold for at least part of the frequency bands processed by the enhancement coding; determining a perceptual importance per frequency sub-band as a function of the masking threshold and as a function of the number of bits allocated for the core coding; binary allocation of bits in the frequency sub-bands processed by the enhancement coding, as a function of the perceptual importance determined; and coding the residual signal according to the bit allocation. Also provided are a decoding method, a coder and a decoder.

Abstract: A method of binary allocation in an enhancement coding/decoding for improving a hierarchical coding/decoding of digital audio signals, including a core coding/decoding in a first frequency band and a band extension coding/decoding in a second frequency band. For a predetermined number of bits to be allocated for the enhancement coding/decoding, a first number of bits is allocated to a coding/decoding for correcting the core coding/decoding in the first frequency band and according to a first mode of coding/decoding and a second number of bits is allocated to an enhancement coding/decoding for improving the extension coding/decoding in the second frequency band and according to a second mode of coding/decoding. Also provided are an allocation module implementing the method and a coder and decoder including this module.

Abstract: In the field of coding/decoding in telecommunications networks, an error correcting decoder and associated decoding method are adapted to a mesh network. In particular, the system for the decoding of a plurality of coded copies of a data word includes at least a first decoding stage with: a plurality of soft decision decoders, each decoder being arranged for decoding a coded copy received as decoder input, and a graph-based decoder comprising a plurality of nodes, each node of said graph-based decoder receiving the soft output value from a corresponding decoder and the graph-based decoder determining a decoding value of said data word on the basis of said soft output values.

Abstract: A process and device for focussing a light energy beam on a data carrier comprising sites fromed of virgin areas free from any data recording provided along tracks and serving as reference plane for said focussing. In a preferred variation, these areas are preceded by flags associated with a specific code. Control is achieved by measuring the deviation between the plane of focussing of a beam into a spot scanning the tracks and the reference plane formed by the surface of the virgin areas. Between two passages of these areas of the measurements are stored. The focussing error signal is obtained by filtering these measurements.

Abstract: The process makes it possible to generate on the basis of discrete preetching elements or flags, the radial tracking error and/or focusing error signals. The flags comprise portions displaced with respect to the mean axis of the tracks to be followed. According to a first variant, each track comprises portions displaced on either side of the axis. According to a second variant the flags comprise portions alternately displaced to one and then the other side thereof. In response to the passages of these portions, windows are generated and the pulses supplied by the photodetectors of the interaction of these portions on the focused scan beam are compared between successive windows.