Abstract: A process for manufacturing a molding element (10) of a curing mold, the molding element being manufactured by an additive manufacturing process, the molding element comprising a molding inner surface (12) and an outer surface (14), and the molding element comprising at least one vent (20) through which air can pass between the molding inner surface and the outer surface of the molding element, comprises the following steps: (a) additively manufacturing the molding element and at least one porous region in this molding element, the porous region being manufactured so as to have a material density lower than the material density of the molding element outside this porous region, and (b) using a process for removal of material by a laser beam or by a laser beam contained in a water jet to produce at least one vent (20) in the porous region.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a molding element of a curing mold, the molding element being manufactured by an additive manufacturing process, the molding element comprising a molding inner surface and an outer surface on the opposite side from the molding inner surface, and the molding element comprising at least one vent through which air can pass between the molding inner surface and the outer surface of the molding element, comprises the following steps: (a) additively manufacturing the molding element and the vent at the same time, the vent being manufactured with at least one dimension less than its final value, and (b) cleaning and enlarging the vent using a process of removal of material by chemical attack effected by immersing the molding element in a solely chemical bath so as to bring the vent to its final dimensions and to reduce the surface roughness of the vent.

Abstract: Testicular germline markers and their use for predicting the presence or not of reproductive cells in testis of an infertile or hypo fertile male subject are provided. More particularly, identification of specific protein biomarkers of post-meiotic germ cells in the human seminal plasma was carried out by an integrative genomics approach. It was demonstrated that the presence of such biomarkers could be monitored in the seminal plasma of azoospermic subjects in order to select for a testis biopsy and testicular sperm extraction (TESE) only subjects for which there are high probabilities to find reproductive cells. The results indicate the analysis of seminal plasma is a non-invasive approach for predicting the presence of reproductive cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to testicular germline markers and their use for predicting the presence or not of reproductive cells in testis of an infertile or hypo fertile male subject.