Abstract: The sampling system of the invention includes a column comprising a first separator associated with a first collector so as to extract particles whose diameter is larger than a first diameter, and a second separator associated with a second collector which eliminates the finest particles and concentrates the other particles in the gas flow sucked up by the suction pipe of an analysis device.

Abstract: The present method uses a spectrophotometric and/or ionisation detection device in which the gas to be analyzed and illuminated by a light source emitting in a range of wavelengths distinct from the one used for spectrophotometry so as to carry out a nephelometric and/or turbidimetric detection, the results of this detection being used to carry out an adjustment of the device for counting the particles and/or for determining the composition of these particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for analysing a gaseous composition by means of flame spectrophotometry, which can be used to identify a current test spectrum and which is based on a knowledge acquisition and diagnostic method.

Abstract: The sampling system of the invention includes a column comprising a first separator associated with a first collector so as to extract particles whose diameter is larger than a first diameter, and a second separator associated with a second collector which eliminates the finest particles and concentrates the other particles in the gas flow sucked up by the suction pipe of an analysis device.

Abstract: The method of the invention uses a spectrophotometric and/or ionisation detection device in which the gas to be analyzed and illuminated by a light source emitting in a range of wavelengths distinct from the one used for spectrophotometry so as to carry out a nephelometric and/or turbidimetric detection. The results of this detection are used to carry out an adjustment of the device for counting the particles and/or for determining the composition of these particles.

Abstract: The guiding device of the invention introduces, close to the entrance of the groove in which the sail hoist rope is engaged, two guiding elements having on the side opposite the groove external guiding edges. In addition, the sail includes at least one protuberance situated at a distance from the hoist rope and is intended to take support and be guided by said external edges. The invention can be applied in particular to battened sails.

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus comprising an intake scoop (2) for the gas sample to be analyzed and, coaxial to said scoop (2): two tubular sleeves (4) defining respectively an intake chamber (5) for an oxygen carrier gas opening into a first combustion chamber (8), and an intake chamber (11) for an oxidant gas opening into a second combustion chamber (9); a pair of electrodes (14) associated with a circuit (21) measuring the conductivity of a combustion zone located in the second combustion chamber (9) and focusing optics (19) focusing the image of the flame generated in the combustion chambers (8, 9) on the input orifice of a spectrophotometer (20); a processor (25) processes the data from the circuit (21) and from the spectrophotometer (20) to deduce therefrom the concentration in the searched elements. The invention is particularly useful for detecting sulphur, phosphorus and organic compounds.

Abstract: The sampling device of the invention includes a collection unit with a coction surface (24), a sampling unit (30) engaging said collection surface (24), means for moving said sampling unit (30) and said surface relative to each other, heating means associated with the sampling means (30) for vaporising contaminant materials, and a suction nozzle (28) which connects to the inlet of an analyzing apparatus (1) and is designed to draw in the contaminant material vapours produced by the heating means. The invention is suitable for analyzing in situ gaseous substances, liquids, aerosols, and even pulverulent materials.

Abstract: A device for continuous analysis of the composition of a gaseous atmosphere containing particles of material in suspension includes a burner equipped with a prism; an intensifier which produces an intensified image of the spectrum produced by the dispersive component on photodiodes; a register which stores data detected by the photodiodes; a microcomputer which periodically reads the register and compares the data read with reference data to identify the elements looked for; and a counter which counts the number of times that the same component is identified per unit time in order to determine the number of particles per unit volume. The device can be implemented in the form of a portable, self-contained apparatus.

Abstract: The mainsail reefing system embodying the invention comprises a winding tube mounted rotatably parallel to the boom, and a device for rotatably driving the winding tube, mounted coaxially at the end of the latter situated on the side of the boom end secured to the mast, the mainsail being slidably mounted onto the mast by a bolt rope, integral with the sail, sliding in a recess extending over the entire length of the mast, the recess being made in a profiled member fixed parallel to and at a distance from the mast so as to form a slot between the profiled member and the mast, and so that the recess is situated vertically above the area for winding the bolt rope around the winding tube.

Abstract: The device for adjustable height fastening of the tack point of a sail on the sail reefer according to the invention uses a sail tack point fastening ring, mounted slidably on the reefer tube, and a screw enabling this ring to be immobilized on the tube at the required height. The invention enables sail tension to be adjusted without recourse to a pulley block.

Abstract: A burner is disclosed which can be used in an apparatus for analyzing a gas omposition by flame spectrophotometry, comprising, disposed coaxially with each other, a tubular body having an open end on which an optical system is mounted coaxially, a sample taking nozzle which extends the body while defining an intake chamber, a collar fast with the body through which passes a tubular chimney, a nozzle for intake of the gas composition which is fitted in the chimney while forming therewith an annular intercalary chamber into which opens a fuel gas intake duct and a capillary tube for intake of the gas composition to be analyzed, this capillary tube being connected to the intake duct at the level of its end situated in the intake chamber.

Abstract: A sail reducing winder is provided comprising a rotary tube parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mast as well as a device for holding this tube in position, which has at least two curved wings joined together by one of their ends by a connecting element able to be mounted on the mast, these two wings partially surrounding the tube and having, opposite the connecting element, two respective end edges extending parallel to the tube and defining an axial passage zone for the sail, the wings being offset axially so that their end edges are axially spaced apart from each other by a given distance.

Abstract: A device for limiting the rotational movement of the outer part of the swivel of a sail roller equipping a sailing boat comprising at least a mast, a stay cable having an end portion adapted for connecting the stay to the mast, and a halyard fixed to the swivel by a connecting piece and passing over a sheave provided at the head of the mast, the roller comprising at least one tube on which the sail may be rolled and which is mounted for rotation about the stay cable, the swivel comprising an inner part mounted for sliding on the tube and secured for rotation therewith, this inner part being fixed to the sail, and an outer part mounted for rotation on the inner part and on which are mounted the connecting piece, the device further comprising at least one piece secured against axial and rotational movement to the stay cable and situated in a zone between the upper end of the tube and the end portion of the stay, and comprising at least two abutment surfaces which extend radially and which cooperate with the con

Abstract: A sail shortening device for rolling up a sail on a tubular element mounted for rotation about a rigging cable of a sailing boat which comprises at least two tubular sections connected end to end for forming said tubular element, at least one shaped connecting element engaging in said tubular sections, two shaped end elements mounted at both ends of the tubular element and bearings housed respectively between said cable, said shaped connecting element and the two shaped end elements. The tubular element comprises at least one longitudinal groove in which the bolt rope can be introduced. The tubular element is held in axial direction and can be rotated by a drum. A swivel is slidably mounted on the tubular element and comprises means for fixing to a halyard for hoisting and tensioning the sail.