Abstract: An external starter motor for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a power supply; an electric motor for producing torque; a dog rotatable by the electric motor and adapted to be axially movable into and out of engagement with a starting mechanism to turn over the internal combustion engine; and a circuit for detecting the presence of an output signal from the internal combustion engine and energising the external starter motor by the power supply when detecting the presence of the signal.

Abstract: An external starter motor for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a power supply; an electric motor for producing torque; a dog rotatable by the electric motor and adapted to be axially movable into and out of engagement with a starting mechanism to turn over the internal combustion engine; and a circuit for detecting the presence of an output signal from the internal combustion engine and energising the external starter motor by the power supply when detecting the presence of the signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device (1) for providing a reference indication of crankshaft positioning for setting and maintaining ignition timing of spark ignition in, for example, automotive piston engines. The device includes a mounting portion (2) and a carrying portion (7). The mounting portion is adapted for rigid attachment to the crankshaft (S) for rotation therewith, and, in use, extends radially of a rotational axis of the engine crankshaft. The carrying portion is for carrying indicia means (9) by which the positioning of the crankshaft can be determined. Importantly, the device of the invention is adapted to assume the task of indicating spark ignition timing from an harmonic balancer (8).