Abstract: A shoelace accessory and method of using the same is characterized by a shoelace accessory that provides for one or more portions of material containing one or more grommets that may be fastened to one or more eyelets in a shoe, the shoelace accessory thereby replacing shoelaces in the shoe. In some embodiments, one or more joining and unjoining element, such as a zipper, may be provided in the shoe accessory's middle portion that may allow the shoe accessory to separate and create a gap that may accommodate the entry of a user's foot into the shoe, and that may allow the shoe accessory to close the gap and tighten the shoe accessory to the user's foot, thereby securing the shoe to the user's foot. When in use, the present invention may provide that the user may put on or take off a shoe with ease and safety, or otherwise perform tasks in a desired way.

Abstract: An apparatus (D) is dedicated to processing E1 data frames in communications network equipment (ETPL) including at least one E1 line interface unit (LIU1). The apparatus (D) includes a processor adapted, on receiving from at least one E1 interface unit (LIU1) at least one E1-type frame addressed to a given E1 destination port, to encapsulate that E1-type frame in a payload data field of an Ethernet frame in order to send it to an Ethernet destination port providing access to the given E1 destination port.

Abstract: A method for establishing a voice bearer in a telecommunications system in which packetized voice traffic is carried over a user plane, includes negotiating at least one of header compression and voice multiplexing options for a call and, in the negotiation process, using information about the options that is not sent over the user plane during transmission of voice traffic over the user plane. The information may be sent by signaling out of band and not via the user plane, thus not impacting on transmission of voices data. In another method, option information from a previous call or calls between the same IP addresses is used to set up the options for a new call without any additional signaling.

Abstract: A method for call handover from a source cell associated with a first Base Transceiver Station, BTS, to a target cell associated with a second BTS in a telecommunications system in which the BTSs are directly connected to a Media Gateway, MGW, including the steps of: connecting the first BTS to a radio access termination, RAT, at the MGW; and connecting the second BTS to the same RAT as the first BTS. The method is particularly applicable to AoIP.

Abstract: An uplink transmission frame transmitted from a base transceiver station to a transcoder rate adaptation unit in a cellular mobile radio network includes in the conventional way an information area in the form of at least one data field and at least one control field, the latter including a subfield representative of the validity of data transmitted in the at least one data field. This subfield is substantially at the start of the information area. This frame structure prevents transmission of invalid speech signals during a call from the cellular network to a fixed network such as the public switched telephone network at the time of handover affecting a mobile station involved in the call.

Abstract: A method and system for synchronizing terrestrial nodes equipped with GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver belong to a terrestrial network. Synchronization is achieved by selecting terrestrial node to be synchronized to form a synchronization zone. The clear sky view solid angle shared by the terrestrial nodes is determined. The terrestrial nodes acquire a rough time reference sent by a satellite that can be viewed by the terrestrial nodes in the clear sky view solid angle. A common synchronization date is determined for all the terrestrial nodes. And, at the common synchronization date all the terrestrial nodes acquires a predefined sequence from the satellite. The terrestrial nodes uses this sequence to adjust the reference time.

Abstract: An apparatus (D) is dedicated to processing E1 data frames in communications network equipment (ETPL) including at least one E1 line interface unit (LIU1). The apparatus (D) includes processor means adapted, on receiving from at least one E1 interface unit (LIU1) at least one E1-type frame addressed to a given E1 destination port, to encapsulate that E1-type frame in a payload data field of an Ethernet frame in order to send it to an Ethernet destination port providing access to the given E1 destination port.

Abstract: To resolve a data rate problem that results from a channel having a standardized data rate that is limited and too low between two synchronized relays, provision is made for causing the channel to be asynchronous and for providing the receiving relay with a buffer memory, preferably of the first-in-first-out type. It is shown that under such circumstances for data rates higher than the data rates of the limited data rate channels, synchronization no longer gives rise to a systematic loss of time.

Abstract: An uplink frame transmitted from a base transceiver station to a transcoder rate adaptation unit in a cellular mobile radio network includes in the conventional way an information area in the form of at least one data field and at least one control field, the latter including a subfield representative of the validity of data transmitted in the at least one data field. This subfield is substantially at the start of the information area. This frame structure prevents transmission of invalid speech signals during a call from the cellular network to a fixed network such as the public switched telephone network at the time of handover affecting a mobile station involved in the call.

Abstract: The method has two possible transmission modes: a first mode whereby a first transmitter (1) sends frames including sufficient auxiliary data to enable a first receiver (2) to acquire frame synchronization in a reliable fashion, said auxiliary data including a synchronization pattern, a second mode in which said first transmitter sends frames including insufficient auxiliary data to enable said first receiver to acquire said frame synchronization in a reliable fashion but, by virtue of a knowledge of said frame synchronization acquired previously, in said first mode, enabling loss of frame synchronization to be determined, loss of frame synchronization by said first receiver being signalled to said first transmitter by a second transmitter (15) changing from said second transmission mode to said first transmission mode and by a second receiver (16) detecting said change of transmission mode, and said second transmitter transmitting in said second mode modified frames including no payload data sequence imitati

Abstract: The invention relates notably to a method for synchronizing terrestrial nodes comprising means for receiving information from a satellite belonging to a global navigation satellite system, said terrestrial nodes belonging to a terrestrial network, said method comprising the steps of:

Abstract: A synchronized bidirectional packet transmission method between a base station of a radiocommunication network and a transcoder unit including at least two transcoders, forming part of a fixed telephone network or the like and connected to the base transceiver station, in particular to transmit voice or sound information or data, which method uses a downlink priority order for the time slots of a frame that is reversed relative to that applied to or existing on the uplink.

Abstract: A method of allocating data transmission channels to a mobile station, in particular in half-duplex mode, in a mobile telecommunications network of the type using packet mode and having multiple access by multiplexing transmission channels, in which method the transmission channels allocated to a mobile station, respectively in a “down” direction from the network to the mobile station, and in an “up” direction from the mobile station to the network, can change at each “allocation period”, a transmission authorization received over a transmission channel in the down direction for a given allocation period indicating that the transmission channel is allocated in the up direction for the following allocation period; wherein a transmission authorization received over a transmission channel in the down direction for a given allocation period indicates that not only the transmission channel, also referred to as the authorization channel, but also consecutive transmission channels

Abstract: A data transmission frame containing payload data, preceded by a synchronization pattern (F), is essentially characterized in that it does not contain any payload data sequences that imitate the synchronization pattern. The payload data sequences that imitate the synchronization pattern are referred to as “forbidden” sequences. These forbidden sequences are replaced with “substitute” data (S0, S1, S2), thereby enabling the forbidden sequences to be re-inserted among the payload data upon reception.

Abstract: A system for synchronizing base transceiver stations includes a reference base transceiver station and a subordinate base transceiver station. Each base transceiver station has a clocks with the same frequency but any relative phase, and a timing reference. The reference base transceiver station imposes its own timing reference on each subordinate base transceiver station to compensate the phase difference between the two stations. The timing reference is imposed by having a mobile station listen to the reference base transceiver station and the subordinate base transceiver station, deducing a time shift D1 between the two base transceiver stations from the perspective of the mobile, determining a propagation time difference D2 between the mobile and the reference base transceiver station and the subordinate base transceiver station upon the occurrence of a handover that involves the reference base transceiver station.

Abstract: In a TDMA type cellular mobile radio system frequencies are shared between cells of the same re-use pattern and frequency hopping is used so that the frequency used at any time in one of the cells of a re-use pattern is different from those used at the same time in the other cells of that pattern. A base transceiver station of this system commands the sending of one of the frequencies shared in this way during a part of the time division multiple access frame and commands the stopping of all sending during the other part of the frame.

Abstract: A transmission frame comprises a synchronization flag and data bits. It is formed of at least a first subframe in which occur the synchronization flag and an identification field which specifies the number of subframes. Each of the other subframes comprises blocking bits disposed so that the synchronization flag cannot occur in the subframes unless in conjunction with the first subframe.

Abstract: The method has two possible transmission modes: a first mode whereby a first transmitter (1) sends frames including sufficient auxiliary data to enable a first receiver (2) to acquire frame synchronization in a reliable fashion, said auxiliary data including a synchronization pattern, a second mode in which said first transmitter sends frames including insufficient auxiliary data to enable said first receiver to acquire said frame synchronization in a reliable fashion but, by virtue of a knowledge of said frame synchronization acquired previously, in said first mode, enabling loss of frame synchronization to be determined, loss of frame synchronization by said first receiver being signalled to said first transmitter by a second transmitter (15) changing from said second transmission mode to said first transmission mode and by a second receiver (16) detecting said change of transmission mode, and said second transmitter transmitting in said second mode modified frames including no payload data sequence imitati

Abstract: A method of allocating data transmission channels to a mobile station, in particular in half-duplex mode, in a mobile telecommunications network of the type using packet mode and having multiple access by multiplexing transmission channels, in which method the transmission channels allocated to a mobile station, respectively in a “down” direction from the network to the mobile station, and in an “up” direction from the mobile station to the network, can change at each “allocation period”, a transmission authorization received over a transmission channel in the down direction for a given allocation period indicating that the transmission channel is allocated in the up direction for the following allocation period; wherein a transmission authorization received over a transmission channel in the down direction for a given allocation period indicates that not only the transmission channel, also referred to as the authorization channel, but also consecutive transmission channels identifiable from the authorization