Abstract: The invention relates to a combined process for the preparation of polycarbonate by the phase boundary process and downstream electrolysis of sodium chloride-containing process wastewater.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for production of diaryl carbonate combined with the electrolysis of the resultant alkali metal chloride-containing process wastewater. The process according to the invention makes possible, inter alia, improved utilization in electrolysis of the alkali metal chloride-containing solution obtained in the production of diaryl carbonate.

Abstract: Processes comprising: transesterifying a dialkyl carbonate and an aromatic hydroxyl compound in the presence of a transesterification catalyst to provide a diaryl carbonate product comprising the transesterification catalyst as an impurity; subjecting the diaryl carbonate product to distillation in a first distillation column having an upper part and a lower part, wherein the upper part comprises a rectifying section and the lower part comprises a stripping section; and withdrawing a first sidestream from the first distillation column, wherein the first sidestream comprises a purified diaryl carbonate.

Abstract: Processes comprising: reacting a dialkyl carbonate and an aromatic hydroxy compound in the presence of a transesterification catalyst in a first reaction column, the first reaction column comprising a top section, a bottom section, a rectifying section in an upper portion of the column and a reaction zone below the rectifying section; feeding a bottom product from the first reaction column to a further reaction column; the bottom product comprising a diaryl carbonate, an alkylaryl carbonate, or both, and residual unreacted dialkyl carbonate and aromatic hydroxy compound; the further reaction column comprising a top section, a rectifying section in an upper portion of the column and a reaction zone below the rectifying section; and reacting the residual reacted dialkyl carbonate and aromatic hydroxy compound in the further reaction column; feeding a process stream to a distillation column, the process stream comprising a mixture of unreacted dialkyl carbonate and one or more reaction-product alcohols drawn fro

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of diaryl carbonates and/or alkylaryl carbonates from dialkyl carbonates and aromatic hydroxy compounds using one or more intermediate condensers for improving heat integration.

Abstract: A method for reducing the content of fluorescent particles in polycarbonate is disclosed. The method entails bringing into contact polycarbonate, in the melt or in solution, with aluminosilicate at a temperature and for a time calculated to obtain polycarbonate having fluorescent particles content of 0 to 5 counts/g of polycarbonate. In a preferred embodiment the polycarbonate is passed through a column packed with zeolite.

Abstract: Processes comprising: (a) reacting phosgene and a monohydroxyl aryl compound in the presence of a suitable catalyst to form a diaryl carbonate and a solution comprising an alkali chloride; (b) separating the diaryl carbonate from the solution; (c) adjusting the pH of the solution to a value of less than or equal to 8 to form a pH-adjusted solution; (d) treating the pH-adjusted solution with an adsorbent to form a treated solution; (e) subjecting at least a portion of the treated solution to electrochemical oxidation to form chlorine and an alkali hydroxide solution; and (f) recycling at least a portion of one or both of the chlorine and the alkali hydroxide solution.

Abstract: Low-pressure, mercury vapor discharge lamp has at least two dual-shaped lamp parts (1; 2; 3), each comprising a first and a second tube (11,21,31; 12;22;32). The first and second tube are interconnected via tube interconnection means (10; 20; 30) at a first end portion (11a, 12a;21a, 22a;31a,32a). A discharge path is formed through the tubes between two electrodes (13; 33). Each electrode is provided at a second end portion (11b; 32b) of one of the tubes (11; 32). Further second end portions (12b; 21b; 22b; 31b)are provided with respective sealed ends (12c; 21c; 22c; 31c). Bridge parts (50; 60) for interconnecting tubes (12,21; 22,31) of mutually adjacent dual-shaped lamp parts (1,2; 2,3) are provided in the proximity of the second end portions (12b,21b; 22b,31b). At least one of the sealed ends (21c) is provided with an exhaust tube (71) which is directly provided on the respective sealed end.

Abstract: The invention provides new double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts for preparing polyetherpolyols by the polyaddition of alkylene oxides to starter compounds which contain active hydrogen atoms, wherein the catalyst comprises a) double metal cyanide compounds, b) bile acids or their salts, esters or amides and c) organic complex ligands. The catalysts according to the invention show greatly increased activity during preparation of a polyetherpolyol.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a double-metal cyanide catalyst for the preparation of a polyether polyol by the polyaddition of an alkylene oxideon to a starter compound containing active hydrogen atoms, wherein the DMC catalyst comprises a) at least one double-metal cyanide compound; b) at least one organic complexing ligand; and c) two different complexing components.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts for the production of polyether polyols by polyaddition of alkylene oxides onto starter compound comprising active hydrogen atoms, wherein the catalyst contains a) double metal cyanide compounds, b) organic complex ligands other than c) and c) two or more complex-forming components from the classes of compounds comprising functionalised polymers, glycidyl ethers, glycosides, carboxylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, bile acids or the salts, esters or amides thereof, cyclodextrins, phosphorus compounds, ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters or ionic surface- or interface-active compounds. The catalysts according to the invention exhibit greatly increased activity in polyether polyol production.

Abstract: Substituted triazolinone compounds of the formula: wherein the variables R1, R2, R7, R8, R12 and X are as defined in the specification are useful as herbicides, plant growth regulators, insecticides and acaricides. Processes for the preparation of these compounds, and intermediates useful in such preparation are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts for the preparation of polyether polyols by polyaddition of alkylene oxides to starter compounds containing active hydrogen atoms, wherein the catalyst contains a) double metal cyanide compounds, b) organic complex ligands other than c), and c) complex ligands formed by introduction of a glycidyl ether into the catalyst. The catalysts according to the invention have greatly increased activity in the preparation of polyether polyols.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams are produced from a polyisocyanate and a polyether polyol which has been alkoxylated in the presence of a double metal cyanide catalyst and that has at least one ethylene oxide-propylene oxide mixed block.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts for the preparation of polyether polyols by a polyaddition reaction between alkylene oxides and starter compounds having active hydrogen atoms, wherein the catalyst contains a) at least one double metal cyanide compound, b) at least one organic complexing ligand and c) at least one fluorine-containing complexing ligand.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a double-metal cyanide catalyst for the preparation of a polyether polyol by the polyaddition of an alkylene oxide on to a starter compound containing active hydrogen atoms, wherein the DMC catalyst comprises a) at least one double-metal cyanide compound; b) at least one organic complexing ligand which is not a polyether, polyester, polycarbonate, polyalkylene glycol sorbitan ester, polyalkylene glycol glycidyl ether, glycidyl ether, glycoside, carboxylic acid ester of polyhydric alcohol, cyclodextrin, phosphorus compound, ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester or ionic surfactant compound; c) at least one polyether; and d) at least one polyester, polycarbonate, polyalkylene glycol sorbitan ester, polyalkylene glycol glycidyl ether, glycidyl ether, glycoside, carboxylic acid ester of polyhydric alcohol, cyclodextrin, phosphorus compound, ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester or ionic surfactant compound.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a double-metal cyanide catalyst for the preparation of a polyether polyol by the polyaddition of an alkylene oxide on to a starter compound containing active hydrogen atoms, wherein the DMC catalyst comprises a) at least one double-metal cyanide compound; b) at least one organic complexing ligand which is not a polyether, a bile acid, a bile acid salt, a bile acid ester or a bile acid amide; c) at least one polyether; and d) at least one bile acid, bile acid salt, bile acid ester or bile acid amide. The catalyst of the present invention has increased activity in the preparation of a polyether polyol.

Abstract: The invention relates to double-metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts for preparing polyether polyols by the polyaddition of alkylene oxides on to starter compounds containing active hydrogen atoms, wherein the DMC catalysts are composed of: a) at least one DMC compound; b) at least one organic complexing ligand which is not a cyclic polyol; and c) at least one cyclic polyol. The DMC catalysts of the present invention have increased activity compared to known catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for the preparation of carboxylic acid benzyl esters from dibenzyl ethers, comprising reacting dibenzyl ethers with carboxylic acids in the presence of a homogeneous acidic catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved method of producing double-metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts for the production of polyether polyols by polyaddition of alkylene oxides to starter compounds containing active hydrogen atoms, in which the DMC catalyst dispersion is produced using a mixing nozzle, preferably a jet disperser. The DMC catalysts produced in this way have an increased activity in polyether polyol production, reduced particle size and narrower particle size distribution.