Abstract: An energy cable comprising at least one cable core comprising an electric conductor, a crosslinked electrically insulating system comprising an inner semiconducting layer, an insulating layer and an outer semiconducting layer and zeolite particles placed between the electric conductor and the inner semiconducting layer of the insulating system. The zeolite particles are able to efficiently extract and irreversibly absorb the by-products deriving from the cross-linking reaction, so as to avoid space charge accumulation in the insulating material during cable lifespan. This allows to eliminate the high temperature, long lasting degassing process of the energy cable cores having a crosslinked insulating layer, or at least to reduce temperature and/or duration of the same, so as to increase productivity and reduce manufacturing costs.

Abstract: An energy cable comprising at least one cable core comprising an electric conductor, a crosslinked electrically insulating system comprising an inner semiconducting layer, an insulating layer and an outer semiconducting layer and zeolite particles placed between the electric conductor and the inner semiconducting layer of the insulating system. The zeolite particles are able to efficiently extract and irreversibly absorb the by-products deriving from the cross-linking reaction, so as to avoid space charge accumulation in the insulating material during cable lifespan. This allows to eliminate the high temperature, long lasting degassing process of the energy cable cores having a crosslinked insulating layer, or at least to reduce temperature and/or duration of the same, so as to increase productivity and reduce manufacturing costs.

Abstract: Submarine flexible pipe includes a metal flexible carcass, an inner polymeric liner arranged in a radially outer position with respect to the metal flexible carcass, a protective polymeric outer sheath and a mechanical armor structure arranged in a radially inner position with respect to the protective polymeric outer sheath, the mechanical armor structure being potentially exposed to water contact. The mechanical armor structure includes a pressure resistant armor and a tensile armor arranged in a radially outer position with respect to the inner polymeric liner. The mechanical armor structure includes a plurality of carbon steel elongated elements, each of the carbon steel elongated elements being coated by an aluminum cladding.

Abstract: An electrical power transmission line includes: at least one electrical cable; a raceway made of ferromagnetic material including a base and a cover defining an inner housing space for housing the electrical cable; a wet basic filling material having a pH between 11 and 13 housed in the inner housing space and embedding the at least one electrical cable. In order to achieve corrosion protection of the raceway, the inner surface of the cover is in contact with a basic passivating material having a pH between 11 and 13.

Abstract: Submarine flexible pipe includes a metal flexible carcass, an inner polymeric liner arranged in a radially outer position with respect to the metal flexible carcass, a protective polymeric outer sheath and a mechanical armor structure arranged in a radially inner position with respect to the protective polymeric outer sheath, the mechanical armor structure being potentially exposed to water contact. The mechanical armor structure includes a pressure resistant armor and a tensile armor arranged in a radially outer position with respect to the inner polymeric liner. The mechanical armor structure includes a plurality of carbon steel elongated elements, each of the carbon steel elongated elements being coated by an aluminum cladding.

Abstract: An electrical power transmission line includes: at least one electrical cable; a raceway made of ferromagnetic material including a base and a cover defining an inner housing space for housing the electrical cable; a wet basic filling material having a pH between 11 and 13 housed in the inner housing space and embedding the at least one electrical cable. In order to achieve corrosion protection of the raceway, the inner surface of the cover is in contact with a basic passivating material having a pH between 11 and 13.

Abstract: An underwater optical fiber cable includes two end portions, an extruded metal tube, at least one optical fiber and a polymeric sheath surrounding the extruded metal tube. The at least one optical fiber is housed in loose configuration in the extruded metal tube. The cable includes a controlled cathodic protection system connected to one of the end portions of the underwater cable and includes an anode bed arranged outside the underwater cable and an electric connection connecting the anode bed to the extruded metal tube of the underwater cable at one of the end portions of the underwater cable.

Abstract: An underwater optical fibre cable includes two end portions, an extruded metal tube, at least one optical fibre and a polymeric sheath surrounding the extruded metal tube. The at least one optical fibre is housed in loose configuration in the extruded metal tube. The cable includes a controlled cathodic protection system connected to one of the end portions of the underwater cable and includes an anode bed arranged outside the underwater cable and an electric connection connecting the anode bed to the extruded metal tube of the underwater cable at one of the end portions of the underwater cable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cable, in particular an optical fiber cable, which is resistant to the radial permeation and to the longitudinal propagation of water. This cable contains a water-soluble polymer material which is a water-swellable and water-soluble material. In particular, this cable is characterized in that, following the ingress of water into this cable, the propagation of water is impeded on account of the combined effect of the swelling of the water-soluble material and the formation of an aqueous solution of said material which has a predetermined viscosity, so as to impede the passage of the residual water. Preferably, the water-soluble material is chosen from polyacrylamide, modified polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof, the material preferably being a vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cable, in particular an optical fiber cable, which is resistant to the radial permeation and to the longitudinal propagation of water. This cable contains a water-soluble polymer material which is a water-swellable and water-soluble material. In particular, this cable is characterized in that, following the ingress of water into this cable, the propagation of water is impeded on account of the combined effect of the swelling of the water-soluble material and the formation of an aqueous solution of said material which has a predetermined viscosity, so as to impede the passage of the residual water. Preferably, the water-soluble material is chosen from polyacrylamide, modified polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof, the material preferably being a vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymer.

Abstract: An optical fiber cable comprising a layer of polymer coating containing a zeolite. The zeolite in the polymer coating acts as a desiccant and reduces the relative humidity at the innermost region of the cable. As a result of the reduced relative humidity inside the cable, the optical fiber is protected from delamination.

Abstract: Optical cable, including (a) at least a closed longitudinal housing containing at least an optical fiber and (b) an outer coating permeable to water, wherein there is a second longitudinal housing comprising a moisture-absorbing composition that after absorption of more than 50% by weight of water releases less than 5% by weight of water at 60.degree. C. in two hours.

Abstract: A hydrogen absorbent composition for protecting optical fibers from damage due to attack by hydrogen, and optical fiber cables and components containing such composition. The composition comprises a mixture of an unsaturated polymer obtained by the polymerization of at least conjugated diene-monomers and of a catalyst selected from the transition metals, the inorganic and organometallic salts of the transition metals, the organometallic acids of the transition metals or mixtures thereof, which catalyst may be supported on an inert carrier.

Abstract: Optical fibers of an optical fiber, telecommunication cable are protected with respect to hydrogen by including in the cable a mixture of molybdenum trioxide and a catalyst selected from the transition metals, the inorganic and organic compounds of the transition metals and the organometallic acids of the transition metals, such mixture being used by itself or being supported by inert materials. The mixture may surround the fiber or fibers, be applied as a coating on a component of the cable, be incorporated in a component of the cable or be included in a rod or tube adjacent to the fiber or fibers and within the cable sheath.

Abstract: Hydrogen absorbing mixtures for protecting optical fibers from damage by hydrogen and optical fiber telecommunication cables containing such a mixture or mixtures. The mixture includes at least one oxide selected from oxides of titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cerium, tin, lead and wolfram, at least one catalyst selected from among the transition metals, the inorganic and organic compounds of the transition metals and the complexes of the said transition metals, both by themselves as well as supported by inert materials, and an anhydrous salt which, on chemically reacting with water, forms crystalline hydrated compounds which are stable at temperatures up to at least 90.degree. C. The anhydrous salt may be one or more of anhydrous calcium sulfate, anhydrous calcium chloride, anhydrous sodium sulfate and anhydrous copper sulfate.

Abstract: An optical fiber structure in which there is at least one layer around the fiber signal transmitting core, such layer being formed of, or containing a powder of, a hydrogen gas absorbing metal or metals from Groups III, IV, V or VIII of the periodic table, or alloys or intermetallic compounds of such metals, to absorb hydrogen and for protecting the core with respect to hydrogen absorption. Also, an optical fiber cable comprising at least one optical fiber and a sheath around the optical fiber or fibers. The cable comprises such a gaseous hydrogen absorbing metal or metals, or alloys or intermetallic compounds of such metals, to absorb the hydrogen for such purpose. The metal or metals may be in the form of metal films inside or outside the sheath, in the form of longitudinal wires within the sheath, part of tapes wound around the fiber or fibers or in the form of metal powders dispersed in the sheath or in a filler within the sheath.

Abstract: A hydrogen fixing filler for optical fiber cables and components of such cables and optical fiber cables and cable components containing such filler with the filler at least partly surrounding, but not necessarily in contact with, the optical fiber or fibers. The filler is a mixture of:(1) at least one unsaturated silicone, having unsaturated groups in quantities larger than 0.2 millimoles per 100 g. of silicone and corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## where R and R' are saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radicals and aromatic radicals and R" and R'" are unsaturated aliphatic radicals, and(2) a catalyst which is one or more of the transition metals, the inorganic and organometallic salts of the transition metals and the organometallic acids of the transition metals, either alone or on inert supports.