Abstract: A tapering enhanced stimulated superradiant amplification method and system which utilizes a strongly tapered undulator in reaching significant power outputs and conversion efficiencies. TESSA dramatically increases conversion/amplification efficiencies by violently (sharply) decelerating electrons and taking advantage of produced radiation to further drive interaction toward as it takes advantage of produced radiation to further drive interaction to increase overall radiation output. The system and method configures a strongly tapered undulator to operate in a new mode that is above normal input saturation levels to provide an amplified output with unexpectedly high efficiencies and power.

Abstract: A tapering enhanced stimulated superradiant amplification method and system which utilizes a strongly tapered undulator in reaching significant power outputs and conversion efficiencies. TESSA dramatically increases conversion/amplification efficiencies by violently (sharply) decelerating electrons and taking advantage of produced radiation to further drive interaction toward as it takes advantage of produced radiation to further drive interaction to increase overall radiation output. The system and method configures a strongly tapered undulator to operate in a new mode that is above normal input saturation levels to provide an amplified output with unexpectedly high efficiencies and power.

Abstract: A method for providing a superconducting surface on a laser-driven niobium cathode in order to increase the effective quantum efficiency. The enhanced surface increases the effective quantum efficiency by improving the laser absorption of the surface and enhancing the local electric field. The surface preparation method makes feasible the construction of superconducting radio frequency injectors with niobium as the photocathode. An array of nano-structures are provided on a flat surface of niobium. The nano-structures are dimensionally tailored to interact with a laser of specific wavelength to thereby increase the electron yield of the surface.

Abstract: A method for providing a superconducting surface on a laser-driven niobium cathode in order to increase the effective quantum efficiency. The enhanced surface increases the effective quantum efficiency by improving the laser absorption of the surface and enhancing the local electric field. The surface preparation method makes feasible the construction of superconducting radio frequency injectors with niobium as the photocathode. An array of nano-structures are provided on a flat surface of niobium. The nano-structures are dimensionally tailored to interact with a laser of specific wavelength to thereby increase the electron yield of the surface.

Abstract: A structure includes multiple electromagnets with sub-100 micrometer feature size. Each electromagnet includes a substrate defining multiple filled trenches with conductive fillers, a first isolation layer disposed over the conductive fillers such that a portion of each conductive filler is exposed by the first isolation layer, a core disposed over the first isolation layer, and a second isolation layer covering the core. The second isolation layer has a top surface, and winding interconnects extend from a plane defined by the top surface of the second isolation layer to the conductive fillers such that each winding interconnect contacts one of the conductive fillers on a portion exposed by the first isolation layer. A conductive layer includes upper connectors to electrically connect winding interconnects positioned on opposite sides of the core. The trenches, winding interconnects, and upper connectors are electrically connected to form windings around the core.