Abstract: A device for drug release including a drug reservoir including a gate, wherein opening of the gate releases a drug stored in the drug reservoir, an electronic command and control (C & C) unit in communication with the gate that produces a gate bias voltage and time profile supplied to the gate for controlling opening of the gate, and a power source for supplying power to the electronic command and control unit.

Abstract: The present invention produces strings of true random numbers, extracted from field emission of electrons from nano-size emitters (NSE). Electrons may be produced in a miniature, three-electrode vacuum element that consists of a NSE emitter attached to the cathode surface, a close proximity gate electrode and an accelerating electrode (anode). A miniature fast response electron detector may also be inserted into the vacuum vessel. The detector sensitivity may allow single electron detection, with a noise level much lower than the resulting single-electron signal. The accelerated electrons may be directed to the detector and produce electric signals with well-defined pulse height and pulse shape characteristics. The electronic system analyzes the signals from the detector and generates random numbers thereby.

Abstract: A device for drug release including a drug reservoir including a gate, wherein opening of the gate releases a drug stored in the drug reservoir, an electronic command and control (C & C) unit in communication with the gate that produces a gate bias voltage and time profile supplied to the gate for controlling opening of the gate, and a power source for supplying power to the electronic command and control unit.

Abstract: The present invention produces strings of true random numbers, extracted from field emission of electrons from nano-size emitters (NSE). Electrons may be produced in a miniature, three-electrode vacuum element that consists of a NSE emitter attached to the cathode surface, a close proximity gate electrode and an accelerating electrode (anode). A miniature fast response electron detector may also be inserted into the vacuum vessel. The detector sensitivity may allow single electron detection, with a noise level much lower than the resulting single-electron signal. The accelerated electrons may be directed to the detector and produce electric signals with well-defined pulse height and pulse shape characteristics. The electronic system analyzes the signals from the detector and generates random numbers thereby.

Abstract: The invention provides a hollowed well structure, having axially aligned single field emission fiber or carbon nanotube. The well structure comprises a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer, the conductive layers being separated by an insulating layer. A blind hole extends through the second conductive layer and the insulating layer into the first conductive layer, wherein the field emission fiber or carbon nanotube is grown from the bottom of the blind hole in the first conductive layer, preferably from a catalytic particle provided therein, wherein the nanotube does not extend beyond a plane defined by the interface between the first conductive layer and the insulating layer. The above structure is especially suitable as an electron emitter of a micrometer size electron column. A large number of columns can be integrated into a big array of electron sources. Such an array can be utilized for electron lithography or for an ensemble of SEM units.