Abstract: A forming operation of resistive memory device is provided. The operation includes: applying a pre-forming gate voltage and a pre-forming bit line voltage to a target memory cell; performing a dense switching forming operation, wherein the dense switching forming operation includes alternately performing dense set operations and dense reset operations on the target memory cell, wherein the dense set operation includes applying a dense switching gate voltage and a dense set bit line voltage; and performing a normal set operation on the target memory cell, wherein the normal set operation includes applying a normal set gate voltage and a normal set bit line voltage to the target memory cell, the normal set gate voltage is greater than the pre-forming gate voltage and the dense switching gate voltage, and the normal set bit line voltage is less than the pre-forming bit line voltage and the dense set bit line voltage.

Abstract: Provided are hard carbon beads, their preparation method, and an energy storage device comprising the same. Microwave heating is used to synthesize cross-linked phenolic formaldehyde for reducing energy consumption and controlling the crosslinking density of cured phenolic formaldehyde. The problems caused by high temperature heating and hydrothermal process for curing resin can be solved by the instant disclosure, which can increase the economic values of electrode and energy storage device comprising the hard carbon beads.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a polyester and a molded article. The polyester includes residues of formula (i), formula (ii), formula (iii), and formula (iv): in which R1 is an aromatic group, R2 is a C2-C6 straight-chain hydrocarbon group, * represents a linking bond. Based on 100 mol% of a sum of the residues of the formula (ii), the formula (iii) and the formula (iv), a content of the residue of the formula (iii) ranges from 50 mol% to 85 mol%, and the residue of the formula (iv) ranges from 12 mol% to 40 mol%.

Abstract: Phosphorous containing compounds, epoxy resins thereof, and laminate composite structures thereof. The phosphorus containing compounds may have a structure according to formula (I): wherein, X is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or a bivalent linear or branched alkylene group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms; RA is selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a napthyl group, and an aromatic phenol group; w is an integer of 1 to 9; R1, R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from H, C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, and C3-C10 cycloalkyl; R5 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, and Ar3; and Ar1 and Ar2 are independently selected.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyester and molded article. The polyester includes residues of formula (i), formula (ii), and formula (iii): in which R1 is an arylene group; R2 is a C2-C6 straight-chain hydrocarbylene group; and * represents a linking bond. The polyester has a number average molecular weight not less than 15,000 and has a degree of dispersion ranged from 2.95 to 5.70.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyester and molded article. The polyester includes residues of formula (i), formula (ii), and formula (iii): in which R1 is an aromatic group; R2 is a C2-C6 straight-chain hydrocarbon group; and * represents a linking bond. The polyester has a number average molecular weight not less than 15,000 and has a degree of dispersion ranged from 2.95 to 5.70.

Abstract: Provided are hard carbon beads, their preparation method, and an energy storage device comprising the same. Microwave heating is used to synthesize cross-linked phenolic formaldehyde for reducing energy consumption and controlling the crosslinking density of cured phenolic formaldehyde. The problems caused by high temperature heating and hydrothermal process for curing resin can be solved by the instant disclosure, which can increase the economic values of electrode and energy storage device comprising the hard carbon beads.

Abstract: A polycarbonate polyester includes residues of following formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3): in which R1 is C2-C15 hydrocarbon group; R2 is C4-C16 hydrocarbon group; a molar ratio of the residue of the formula (2) to the residue of the formula (1) is in a range of greater than 0.05 to less than 0.8; * represents a linking bond.

Abstract: An aliphatic polyester is provided. The aliphatic polyester comprises: a first structural unit represented by wherein R1 is absent or a C1 to C40 aliphatic hydrocarbyl; a second structural unit represented by wherein R2 is a C1 to C10 aliphatic hydrocarbyl; and a third structural unit derived from a first cross-linking agent, wherein the first cross-linking agent has three reactive functional groups, wherein at least one reactive functional group is a secondary or tertiary hydroxyl, with the proviso that the first cross-linking agent is not malic acid.

Abstract: A polyester and a method for manufacturing polyester are provided. The polyester comprises one or more repeating units derived from polyols and one or more repeating units derived from polybasic acids and contains phosphorus and a metal element, wherein one or more repeating units derived from polyols include a repeating unit derived from tricyclodecane dimethanol, the weight ratio of the phosphorus to the metal element ranges from 0.05 to 5.00, and the metal element is selected from the group consisting of Ti, Sn, Sb, Ge, Mn, Zn, Ca, Co, Pb, Al, Zr, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A polycarbonate polyester includes residues of following formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3): in which R1 is C2-C15 hydrocarbon group; R2 is C4-C16 hydrocarbon group; a molar ratio of the residue of the formula (2) to the residue of the formula (1) is in a range of greater than 0.05 to less than 0.8; * represents a linking bond.

Abstract: An allyl-containing resin is provided. The allyl-containing resin comprises a repeating unit comprising a structural unit represented by the following formula (I): wherein, R1 to R3 in formula (I) are as defined in the specification; the Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the allyl-containing resin has a signal intensity “a” from 1650 cm?1 to 1630 cm?1 and a signal intensity “b” from 1620 cm?1 to 1560 cm?1, and 0<a/b?1.20; and the quantitative 1H-NMR spectrum of the allyl-containing resin has a signal intensity “c” from 3.2 ppm to 6.2 ppm and a signal intensity “d” from 6.6 ppm to 7.4 ppm, and 0<c/d?1.20.

Abstract: Phosphorous containing compounds, epoxy resins thereof, and laminate composite structures thereof. The phosphorus containing compounds may have a structure according to formula (I): wherein, X is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or a bivalent linear or branched alkylene group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms; RA is selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a napthyl group, and an aromatic phenol group; w is an integer of 1 to 9; R1, R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from H, C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, and C3-C10 cycloalkyl; R5 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, and Ar3; and Ar1 and Ar2 are independently selected.

Abstract: An allyl-containing resin is provided. The allyl-containing resin comprises a repeating unit comprising a structural unit represented by the following formula (I): wherein, R1 to R3 in formula (I) are as defined in the specification; the Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the allyl-containing resin has a signal intensity “a” from 1650 cm?1 to 1630 cm?1 and a signal intensity “b” from 1620 cm?1 to 1560 cm?1, and 0<a/b?1.20; and the quantitative 1H-NMR spectrum of the allyl-containing resin has a signal intensity “c” from 3.2 ppm to 6.2 ppm and a signal intensity “d” from 6.6 ppm to 7.4 ppm, and 0<c/d?1.20.

Abstract: An aliphatic polyester is provided. The aliphatic polyester comprises: a first structural unit represented by wherein R1 is absent or a C1 to C40 aliphatic hydrocarbyl; a second structural unit represented by wherein R2 is a C1 to C10 aliphatic hydrocarbyl; and a third structural unit derived from a first cross-linking agent, wherein the first cross-linking agent has three reactive functional groups, wherein at least one reactive functional group is a secondary or tertiary hydroxyl, with the proviso that the first cross-linking agent is not malic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phosphinated poly(2,6-dimethy phenylene oxide)oligomer, specifically an unsaturated group-containing phosphinated poly(2,6-dimethy phenylene oxide)oligomer, and processes for producing the same. A thermoset produced from the unsaturated group-containing phosphinated poly(2,6-dimethy phenylene oxide)oligomers according to the present invention exhibits flame retardancy and has a low dielectric constant and dissipation factor and a high glass transition temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phosphinated poly(2,6-dimethy phenylene oxide)oligomer, specifically an unsaturated group-containing phosphinated poly(2,6-dimethy phenylene oxide)oligomer, and processes for producing the same. A thermoset produced from the unsaturated group-containing phosphinated poly(2,6-dimethy phenylene oxide)oligomers according to the present invention exhibits flame retardancy and has a low dielectric constant and dissipation factor and a high glass transition temperature.

Abstract: The instant disclosure relates to phosphorus-containing compounds that can be used to form flame retardant phosphorus-containing resins, and also can serve as a hardener for a flame retardant epoxy resin compositions. In particular, the phosphorus-containing compounds are modified with acyloxy groups (—O—(C?O)—R), as shown below. Incorporation of the acyloxy groups results in resins that are water resistant and exhibit improved dielectric properties.

Abstract: The instant disclosure relates to phosphorus-containing compounds that can be used to form flame retardant phosphorus-containing resins, and also can serve as a hardener for a flame retardant epoxy resin compositions. In particular, the phosphorus-containing compounds are modified with acyloxy groups (—O—(C?O)—R), as shown below. Incorporation of the acyloxy groups results in resins that are water resistant and exhibit improved dielectric properties.

Abstract: The subject invention is related to a process for the epoxidation of olefin with peroxide, comprising reacting peroxide with olefin in the presence a solvent, wherein the solvent has Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSPs) of ?T,solvent and ?H,solvent and the epoxide product has Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSPs) of ?T,product and ?H,product, and wherein: ?T,product?6??T,solvent??T,product+6, and ?H,product?6??H,solvent.