Abstract: A method includes: obtaining, by a second terminal, an interface address of a first terminal, where the interface address of the first terminal is MAC1; receiving, by the second terminal, a first message sent by the first terminal, where an interface address of the first terminal in the first message is MAC3 obtained after a change, and the first message includes first identification information; and comparing, by the second terminal, the first identification information with second identification information, and if the first identification information is consistent with the second identification information, determining, by the second terminal, that the MAC3 in the first message and the MAC1 that is obtained by the second terminal are used to identify a same device, where the same device is the first terminal.

Abstract: A station wake-up method including: sending, by a radio access point, a work time extension indication message to wake-up modules of n stations in associated stations, where a station includes a wake-up module and a communications module, the wake-up modules of the n stations are in an awake state, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the work time extension indication message is used for instructing the wake-up modules of the n stations to add a new awake window after a current awake window; and sending, by the radio access point, a wake-up message to a wake-up module of at least one of the n stations, where the wake-up message is used for instructing the station to wake up a corresponding communications module, and the wake-up message is sent in a current awake window or a new awake window of the at least one station.

Abstract: A service discovery method and a service discovery apparatus enable a NAN device that does not support a multi-hop service discovery not to respond to a relayed multi-hop service discovery message on the premise that the relayed service discovery message is correctly received by a NAN device that supports the multi-hop service discovery. The method includes: receiving, by a second NAN device, a first service discovery message that is sent by a first NAN device and that is used for a service discovery; and generating, by the second NAN device based on the first service discovery message, a second service discovery message used for the service discovery, and sending the second service discovery message, where the second NAN device serves as a service relay device that relays the service discovery initiated by the first NAN device.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for setting a therapeutic dose of a neuromodulator implanted into a patient are described. The therapeutic dose typically includes a therapeutic dose duration including a ramp-up time to reach a peak modulation voltage and a sustained peak modulation time during which the voltage is sustained at the peak modulation voltage. The methods and apparatuses described herein may use a testing ramp to identify a peak modulation voltage that is patient-specific and provides a maximized therapeutic effect while remaining comfortably tolerable by the patient during the application of energy by the neuromodulator.

Abstract: A communication method and a device, where the method includes receiving, by a first device, a first message sent by a second device using a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, where the first message includes address information of the second device in an infrastructure network and identification information of a radio access device connected to the second device in the infrastructure network, and if a radio access device connected to the first device and the radio access device connected to the second device in the infrastructure network are a same radio access device, communicating, by the first device, with the second device according to the address information using the connected radio access device.

Abstract: A method for allocating an addressing identifier includes: notifying, by an access point, at least two stations of an encrypted new MAC address that corresponds to each station, and indicating a predetermined update condition, so that the at least two stations update respective MAC addresses to the respective new MAC addresses when the predetermined update condition is met; and when the predetermined update condition is met, updating, by the access point, the MAC addresses of the at least two stations to the new MAC addresses that correspond to the stations, so that when a message is subsequently received from the stations or sent to the stations, the new MAC addresses are used as the MAC addresses of the stations. In the foregoing manner, the present invention can prevent an eavesdropper from tracing, by using a MAC address, a terminal to acquire user privacy, ensuring security of the user privacy.

Abstract: A method includes: after receiving an operation instruction of a first user, generating, by a first device, connection information according to the operation instruction, and providing the connection information to a second device near the first device, so that the second device obtains a first identifier through calculation according to a first information portion of the connection information by using a preset algorithm; receiving a first message that is sent by the second device according to the connection information, where the first message carries the first identifier; determining whether the first identifier matches a second identifier of the first device, where the second identifier is equal to or corresponds to a result that is generated through calculation according to the first information portion; if the first identifier matches the second identifier, sending a second message to the second device; and establishing a wireless connection to the second device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a resource switching method, an apparatus, and a system. The method includes: receiving, by a first device, a first resource switching message sent by a second device, where the first device and the second device belong to a same service group, the first resource switching message includes first resource information, and the first resource information is used to indicate a first resource satisfying a resource switching requirement of the second device; determining, by the first device, a second resource in the first resource, where the second resource is a resource satisfying a resource switching requirement of the first device; and sending, by the first device, a second resource switching message, where the second resource switching message includes second resource information, and the second resource information is used to indicate the second resource.

Abstract: A method implemented by a first device includes: sending a first message to a second device on a first bandwidth; receiving on the first bandwidth, a second message sent by the second device in response to the first message; sending a third message on a second bandwidth, where the first message, the second message, and the third message all carry device-reserved time-frequency resource information; and within the device-reserved time-frequency resource information, sending, a message to the second device on the first bandwidth; or receiving on the first bandwidth, a message sent by the second device, where if the first bandwidth is less than 20 M, the second bandwidth is greater than or equal to 20 M; or if the first bandwidth is greater than or equal to 20 M, the second bandwidth is less than 20 M. Embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a related device and a system.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing asynchronous neural responses to treat pain and/or other patient conditions are disclosed. A method in accordance with a particular embodiment includes selecting a target stimulation frequency that is above a threshold frequency, with the threshold frequency corresponding to a refractory period for neurons of a target sensory neural population. The method can further include producing a patient sensation of paresthesia by directing an electrical signal to multiple sensory neurons of the target sensory neural population at the stimulation frequency, with individual neurons of the sensory neural population completing corresponding individual refractory periods at different times, resulting in an asynchronous sensory neuron response to the electrical signal.

Abstract: A terminal, including a processor and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a program to be executed by the processor. The program includes instructions to generate encrypted capability information of the terminal, receive pre-association index information that is related to the terminal and that is sent by an access point, where the pre-association index information is used by the access point to identify the terminal when no association has been established between the terminal and the access point, send the encrypted capability information of the terminal and an association request message to the access point, where the association request message comprises the pre-association index information, and receive an association response message that is sent by the access point according to capability information of the terminal and the pre-association index information, so that the terminal establishes an association with the access point.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for waking up a wireless device to resolve a problem that power consumption and communication overheads are large during wake-up of a wireless device. The method includes obtaining, by a first wireless device, indication information of at least one second wireless device using a main communications circuit of the first wireless device, where the indication information includes at least one of a power saving requirement or wake-up capability information, determining, by the first wireless device, an operation mode of an auxiliary wake-up circuit of the first wireless device based on a quantity of second wireless devices or the indication information, and receiving, by the auxiliary wake-up circuit of the first wireless device based on the operation mode, a wake-up packet from the second wireless device to wake up the main communications circuit of the first wireless device.

Abstract: A method includes: sending, by an AP, a channel measurement notification message, where the channel measurement notification message includes a STA indication and a to-be-measured channel indication; receiving, by the AP, channel sounding signals sent by M STAs, where the M STAs that need to measure a channel are divided into W groups, N STAs in a same group simultaneously send channel sounding signals on a same sub-channel in the V to-be-measured sub-channels, the channel sounding signal includes a plurality of subcarriers, every Ng consecutive subcarriers are a group of subcarriers, each STA in each group occupies a subcarrier at a fixed location in each group of subcarriers, and subcarriers that are occupied by the N STAs in the same group and that are in a same group of subcarriers are different from each other.

Abstract: A communication method and a device, where the method includes receiving, by a first device, a first message sent by a second device using a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, where the first message includes address information of the second device in an infrastructure network and identification information of a radio access device connected to the second device in the infrastructure network, and when a radio access device connected to the first device and the radio access device connected to the second device in the infrastructure network are a same radio access device, communicating, by the first device, with the second device according to the address information using the connected radio access device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to the communications field, and provide a method for sending a sync beacon message by a NAN device, and a device, so as to resolve a problem of a sync beacon message conflict that occurs when the NAN device merges to a new cluster in a master role. The method is: when a first device in a first cluster receives first cluster information of a second cluster, if the first device determines to merge to the second cluster, sending a sync beacon message in the second cluster according to a role and a state of the first device in the first cluster. According to the embodiments of the present invention, after merging to a cluster, a NAN device determines whether to send a sync beacon frame.

Abstract: A surface-modified microsphere composition comprises poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), chitosan, hydrophobic drug, and hydrophilic drug. The PLGA forms a microsphere. The chitosan is formed on a surface of the microsphere. The hydrophobic drug is encapsulated by the microsphere. The hydrophilic drug is adsorbed on the surface of the microsphere. The surface-modified microsphere composition is for treating arthritis. A method of preparing a surface-modified microsphere composition involves producing by an oil-in-water emulsion method microspheres formed from PLGA, covered with chitosan, and adapted to encapsulate hydrophobic drug, and having hydrophilic drug adsorbed on their surfaces. The surface-modified microsphere composition enables drug to be released to achieve efficacy both instantly and persistently.

Abstract: A data transmission method and device, where the method includes determining, by a first station device, that a second station device supports a first service, receiving a device group join request message that is sent by the second station device according to a media access control (MAC) address of a first device group, where the first device group is a device group of the first service and is a device group to which the first station device belongs, sending a device group join response message to another station device in the first device group and the second station device according to the multicast MAC address of the first device group in a contention transmission manner, and performing data transmission of the first service with the second station device in a service window of the first service, where the service window includes a time and/or a channel of service transmission.

Abstract: A method for service discovery in a neighbor awareness network (NAN), and a terminal device, where the method includes receiving, by a first device, a first service discovery message sent by a second device, where the first service discovery message carries service identifier information and first path information, and the first path information includes identifier information of the service initiating device, or identifier information of the second device and the service initiating device, determining, by the first device, second path information according to the first path information, where the second path information includes the identifier information of the service initiating device and identifier information of the first device, and sending, by the first device, a second service discovery message, where the second service discovery message carries the service identifier information and the second path information.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing asynchronous neural responses to treat pain and/or other patient conditions are disclosed. A method in accordance with a particular embodiment includes selecting a target stimulation frequency that is above a threshold frequency, with the threshold frequency corresponding to a refractory period for neurons of a target sensory neural population. The method can further include producing a patient sensation of paresthesia by directing an electrical signal to multiple sensory neurons of the target sensory neural population at the stimulation frequency, with individual neurons of the sensory neural population completing corresponding individual refractory periods at different times, resulting in an asynchronous sensory neuron response to the electrical signal.

Abstract: A network access permission management method includes that a configuration device may generate a network access permission update instruction for a target device. A station device may update network access permission of the target device when receiving the network access permission update instruction and when verification of signature information of the configuration device succeeds. When the target device sends a coupling request message to the station device subsequently, the station device may determine, according to updated network access permission, whether to accept or reject a coupling request of the target device. In this way, a user may modify or revoke, based on a requirement, network access permission of any device in a WI-FI network. If a device is lost, network access permission of the device may be revoked in this manner, and the network access permission of the device may also be restored when the device is found back.