Abstract: A federated learning method includes: providing importance parameters and performance parameters by client devices respectively to a central device, performing a training procedure by the central device, wherein the training procedure includes: selecting target devices from the client devices according to a priority order associated with the importance parameters, dividing the target devices into training groups according to a similarity of the performance parameters, notifying the target devices to perform iterations according to the training groups respectively to generate trained models, transmitting the trained models to the central device, and updating a global model based on the trained models, performing the training procedure again or outputting the global model to the client devices based on a convergence value of the global model and the number of times of performing the training procedure.

Abstract: According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of shielding apparatus or assemblies including electrically-conductive foam. Also disclosed are exemplary embodiments of methods relating to making shielding apparatus or assemblies including electrically-conductive foam. Additionally, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of methods relating to providing shielding for one or more components on a substrate.

Abstract: According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of shielding apparatus or assemblies including electrically-conductive foam frames and covers or lids attachable to the frames. Also disclosed are exemplary embodiments of electrically-conductive foam frames for shielding apparatus or assemblies. Further, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of methods relating to making shielding apparatus or assemblies including electrically-conductive foam frames. Additionally, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of methods relating to providing shielding for one or more components on a substrate.

Abstract: According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of shielding apparatus or assemblies including electrically-conductive foam frames and covers or lids attachable to the frames. Also disclosed are exemplary embodiments of electrically-conductive foam frames for shielding apparatus or assemblies. Further, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of methods relating to making shielding apparatus or assemblies including electrically-conductive foam frames. Additionally, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of methods relating to providing shielding for one or more components on a substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power inductor having a heat dissipating structure formed on the surface thereof, which comprises: at least a conducting wire; and a cladding, made of a magnetic material for wrapping the conductive wire, having the heat dissipating structure of embossed patterns formed on the surface thereof. Preferably, the embossed pattern can be a cone, a cuboid, a column, or the combination thereof. Moreover, the length of any edge or the diameter of any one of the embossed patterns is about 1%˜50% of that of the power inductor, and the height of any one of the embossed patterns is about 1%˜50% of the thickness of the power inductor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power inductor having a heat dissipating structure formed on the surface thereof, which comprises: at least a conducting wire; and a cladding, made of a magnetic material for wrapping the conductive wire, having the heat dissipating structure of embossed patterns formed on the surface thereof. Preferably, the embossed pattern can be a cone, a cuboid, a column, or the combination thereof. Moreover, the length of any edge or the diameter of any one of the embossed patterns is about 1%˜50% of that of the power inductor, and the height of any one of the embossed patterns is about 1%˜50% of the thickness of the power inductor.