Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for amplifying a nucleic acid sequence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The method comprises placing a PCR sample in a container which is heated by only a single heat source that provides a high temperature for denaturation in the bottom of the PCR sample, while annealing and extension automatically occur in different regions of the PCR sample due to the convection induced by a temperature gradient descending from the bottom of the PCR sample to the surface of the PCR sample.

Abstract: A smart card suitable for receiving data and electric power from a far-end reader/writer wirelessly is provided. The smart card includes a main body, an e-paper, an e-paper driver, a RFID tag chip and a receiving unit. The e-paper is disposed at the main body. The e-paper driver is disposed at the main body and electrically connected to the e-paper. The RFID tag chip is disposed at the main body and electrically connected to the e-paper driver. The receiving unit is disposed at the main body and electrically connected to the e-paper driver and the RFID tag chip. The receiving unit receives the data and the electric power wirelessly for transferring the electric power to the e-paper driver and transferring the data to the e-paper driver through the RFID tag chip. The e-paper driver drives the e-paper to display information by the data and the electric power.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for amplifying a nucleic acid sequence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The method comprises placing a PCR sample in a container which is heated by only a single heat source that provides a high temperature for denaturation in the bottom of the PCR sample, while annealing and extension automatically occur in different regions of the PCR sample due to the convection induced by a temperature gradient descending from the bottom of the PCR sample to the surface of the PCR sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for amplifying a nucleic acid sequence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The method comprises placing a PCR sample in a container which is heated by only a single heat source that provides a high temperature for denaturation in the bottom of the PCR sample, while annealing and extension automatically occur in different regions of the PCR sample due to the convection induced by a temperature gradient descending from the bottom of the PCR sample to the surface of the PCR sample.

Abstract: A smart card suitable for receiving data and electric power from a far-end reader/writer wirelessly is provided. The smart card includes a main body, an e-paper, an e-paper driver, a RFID tag chip and a receiving unit. The e-paper is disposed at the main body. The e-paper driver is disposed at the main body and electrically connected to the e-paper. The RFID tag chip is disposed at the main body and electrically connected to the e-paper driver. The receiving unit is disposed at the main body and electrically connected to the e-paper driver and the RFID tag chip. The receiving unit receives the data and the electric power wirelessly for transferring the electric power to the e-paper driver and transferring the data to the e-paper driver through the RFID tag chip. The e-paper driver drives the e-paper to display information by the data and the electric power.

Abstract: A fluid transporting system including a microfluidic pump, a fluid guiding unit, and a first pipe connected between the microfluidic pump and the fluid guiding unit is provided. The microfluidic pump includes a body, a first unidirectional membrane valve, and a second unidirectional membrane valve. The body has a cavity, an inlet connected to the first unidirectional membrane valve, and an outlet connected to the second unidirectional membrane valve. When the cavity is compressed, the first unidirectional membrane valve is closed, and the second one is opened. When the cavity is dilated, the first unidirectional membrane valve is opened, and the second one is closed. The fluid guiding unit includes a tank provided with a first channel, and a second channel. A height of the first channel relative to the bottom of the tank is higher than that of the second channel relative to the bottom of the tank.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for amplifying a nucleic acid sequence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The method comprises placing a PCR sample in a container which is heated by only a single heat source that provides a high temperature for denaturation in the bottom of the PCR sample, while annealing and extension automatically occur in different regions of the PCR sample due to the convection induced by a temperature gradient descending from the bottom of the PCR sample to the surface of the PCR sample.