Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes a semiconductor substrate, an insulating layer, a conductive feature and an anisotropic conductive structure. The insulating layer is disposed above the semiconductor substrate. The conductive feature is disposed in the insulating layer, wherein a top surface of the conductive feature is adjacent to a top surface of the insulating layer. The anisotropic conductive structure is disposed on the insulating layer and the conductive feature. The anisotropic conductive structure includes a metal oxide porous layer and conductive pillars. The metal oxide porous layer has a first nano-through-hole array exposing the top surface of the conductive feature and a second nano-through-hole array exposing the top surface of the insulating layer. The conductive pillars fill the first nano-through-hole array, wherein the conductive pillars are in contact with the top surface of the conductive feature.

Abstract: A method for forming a semiconductor structure includes providing a substrate with an opening in or on the substrate. The method further includes conformally forming a barrier layer in the opening and on the substrate and performing an implantation process to implant a dopant into the barrier layer. The method further includes conformally forming a capping layer on the barrier layer and performing an annealing process, such that the dopant diffuses into the grain boundary of the barrier layer. The method further includes removing the capping layer and filling the opening with a conductive material.

Abstract: A memory device includes a stack structure disposed above a substrate. The stack structure includes a plurality of stacks and a plurality of isolation layers alternating with each other. Each stack includes: a first source and drain layer; an insulating layer disposed on the first source and drain layer; a second source and drain layer disposed on the insulating layer; and a channel layer disposed on a sidewall of the insulating layer. A lower surface of the channel layer is connected to the first source and drain layer, and an upper surface of the channel layer is connected to the second source and drain layer. The memory device further includes a gate pillar extending through the stack structure; and a charge storage structure disposed between the channel layer and the gate pillar.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes the following. A core material layer and a patterned mask layer are formed above a target layer. A first spacer layer is formed and a first treatment process is performed to form a treated first spacer layer. A first removal process is performed on the treated first spacer layer and the patterned mask layer to form multiple first spacers. The core material layer is patterned to form a core layer using the first spacers as a mask. A second spacer layer is formed and a second treatment process is performed to form a treated second spacer layer. A second removal process is performed on the treated second spacer layer and the core layer to form multiple second spacers. A pattern of the second spacers is transferred to the target layer to form a patterned target layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device with an air gap includes a plurality of gate stacks disposed on a substrate; a liner layer conformally covering the gate stacks and the substrate; and a dielectric stack disposed on the liner layer on the gate stacks. The air gap is formed between the liner layer and the dielectric stack on two adjacent gate stacks. A height of the air gap is greater than heights of the two adjacent gate stacks, and the air gap includes: a lower portion between the two adjacent gate stacks, sidewalls and a bottom of the lower portion exposing the liner layer; a middle portion above the lower portion; and an upper portion above the middle portion. Sidewalls of the upper portion expose the dielectric stack, a top surface of the upper portion is covered by the dielectric stack, and the upper portion has a smaller width than the lower portion.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure is provided. The semiconductor structure includes a substrate, a target layer on the substrate, and a hard mask layer doped with a group IV-A element on the target layer. The number of sp3 orbital bonds in the hard mask layer is greater than the number of sp2 orbital bonds.

Abstract: A semiconductor device with an air gap includes a plurality of gate stacks disposed on a substrate; a liner layer conformally covering the gate stacks and the substrate; and a dielectric stack disposed on the liner layer on the gate stacks. The air gap is formed between the liner layer and the dielectric stack on two adjacent gate stacks. A height of the air gap is greater than heights of the two adjacent gate stacks, and the air gap includes: a lower portion between the two adjacent gate stacks, sidewalls and a bottom of the lower portion exposing the liner layer; a middle portion above the lower portion; and an upper portion above the middle portion. Sidewalls of the upper portion expose the dielectric stack, a top surface of the upper portion is covered by the dielectric stack, and the upper portion has a smaller width than the lower portion.

Abstract: A semiconductor device with an air gap includes a plurality of gate stacks disposed on a substrate; a liner layer conformally covering the gate stacks and the substrate; and a dielectric stack disposed on the liner layer on the gate stacks. The air gap is formed between the liner layer and the dielectric stack on two adjacent gate stacks. A height of the air gap is greater than heights of the two adjacent gate stacks, and the air gap includes: a lower portion between the two adjacent gate stacks, sidewalls and a bottom of the lower portion exposing the liner layer; a middle portion above the lower portion; and an upper portion above the middle portion. Sidewalls of the upper portion expose the dielectric stack, a top surface of the upper portion is covered by the dielectric stack, and the upper portion has a smaller width than the lower portion.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory structure includes a substrate, a tunnel dielectric layer on the substrate, and several separate gate structures on the substrate. The gate structures are disposed within an array region of the substrate. Each gate structure includes a floating gate and a control gate on the floating gate. A first dielectric layer is formed above the substrate and covers the top surface of the tunnel dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer also covers the side surfaces and the top surface of each gate structure. Gaps between portions of the first dielectric layer on the side surfaces of two adjacent gate structures are fully filled with the air to form air gaps. Several insulating blocks are formed on the first dielectric layer, and they correspond to the gate structures. A second dielectric layer is formed on the insulating blocks and covers the insulating blocks and the air gaps.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory structure includes a substrate, a tunnel dielectric layer on the substrate, and several separate gate structures on the substrate. The gate structures are disposed within an array region of the substrate. Each gate structure includes a floating gate and a control gate on the floating gate. A first dielectric layer is formed above the substrate and covers the top surface of the tunnel dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer also covers the side surfaces and the top surface of each gate structure. Gaps between portions of the first dielectric layer on the side surfaces of two adjacent gate structures are fully filled with the air to form air gaps. Several insulating blocks are formed on the first dielectric layer, and they correspond to the gate structures. A second dielectric layer is formed on the insulating blocks and covers the insulating blocks and the air gaps.

Abstract: A semiconductor device with an air gap includes a plurality of gate stacks disposed on a substrate; a liner layer conformally covering the gate stacks and the substrate; and a dielectric stack disposed on the liner layer on the gate stacks. The air gap is formed between the liner layer and the dielectric stack on two adjacent gate stacks. A height of the air gap is greater than heights of the two adjacent gate stacks, and the air gap includes: a lower portion between the two adjacent gate stacks, sidewalls and a bottom of the lower portion exposing the liner layer; a middle portion above the lower portion; and an upper portion above the middle portion. Sidewalls of the upper portion expose the dielectric stack, a top surface of the upper portion is covered by the dielectric stack, and the upper portion has a smaller width than the lower portion.