Abstract: Methods and nodes are disclosed. In the methods, circuitry of a first node generates a link state advertising message including bandwidth information indicative of unreserved aggregate bandwidth for multiple priority connections where aggregate bandwidth is greater than available bandwidth. The link state advertising message is transmitted from the first node to a plurality of second nodes within a mesh network. Node bandwidth constraints may be established that contain some designated allocated bandwidth which is not shared with any other Class Types (CT); however, the bandwidth constraints may also allow segregation of other CTs so that within those CTs allocation of designated bandwidth is guaranteed for high priority traffic and low priority traffic is left with the remaining bandwidth in the CT's allocation.

Abstract: A node comprising a packet network interface, an ethernet switch, an optical port, and a distribution engine. The packet network interface adapted to receive a packet having a destination address and a first bit and a second bit. The ethernet switch is adapted to receive and forward the packet into a virtual queue associated with a destination. The optical port has circuitry for transmitting to a plurality of circuits. The distribution engine has one or more processors configured to execute processor executable code to cause the distribution engine to (1) read a first bit and a second bit from the virtual queue, (2) provide the first bit and the second bit to the at least one optical port for transmission to a first predetermined group of the plurality of circuits.

Abstract: A method of Webpage navigation can include a computer device loading a Webpage having at least a first portion and a second portion, arranging the Webpage in order to present the first portion in the display area of the computer device and to place the second portion out of the display area, and presenting a navigation map corresponding to the Webpage in the display area. In response to a control command input with respect to the navigation map, the Webpage can be arranged in order to present the second portion in the display area.

Abstract: A chemical looping combustion process for producing heat or steam or both from a hydrocarbon fuel. A metal oxide oxygen carrier is reduced from an initial oxidation state in a first reduction reaction with a hydrocarbon fuel to provide CO2, H2O, heat, and a reduced metal or metal oxide having a first reduced state, the first reduced state lower than the initial oxidation state, and then the reduced metal or metal oxide from the first reduced state is further reduced in a second reduction reaction with additional hydrocarbon fuel to provide CO2, H2O, heat, and a further reduced metal or metal oxide having a second reduced state, the second reduced state lower than the first reduced state. The further reduced metal or metal oxide is oxidized, substantially back to the initial oxidation state with air to produce N2, O2, and heat.

Abstract: A method and system for identifying an association between a Smart Card and a mobile device by selecting card-swiping record pairs from a set of card-swiping records of the Smart Card, each including a card-swiping location and a corresponding card-swiping time; calculating overlap degree in time and location dimensions of the card-swiping record pair and the communication behavior record pair of the mobile phone, which is recorded in a mobile network as a communication log; determining that the card-swiping record pair overlaps with the communication behavior record pair of the mobile phone recorded in the communication log if the overlap degree is greater than a predetermined threshold, and determining that the Smart Card is associated with the mobile phone if each card-swiping record pair of the plurality of card-swiping record pairs overlaps with the communication behavior record pair of the mobile phone recorded in the communication log.

Abstract: A method and system for determining the position of a moving wireless communication device, the method comprising: recording moving path of the wireless communication device in cells of a cellular wireless communication network; recording moving path and GPS information of a GPS wireless communication device moving in the cellular wireless communication network in cells of the cellular wireless communication network; determining the GPS wireless communication device whose moving path matches with the moving path of the wireless communication device; and determining the position of the wireless communication device based on the GPS information of the matching GPS wireless communication device.

Abstract: A method for detecting the liveliness and synchronizing the control-plane and data-plane on protecting connections in a shared mesh network environment through methods for probing the protecting connection conditions by sending in-band messages; and synchronization of control plane and data plane by using LSP-ping messages on the protecting connections.

Abstract: Binding a control plane to a data plane is disclosed. Binding includes receiving a request to initiate a session, wherein the request is sent via a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)-based protocol and transmitting a set of one or more service parameters associated with the request to an edge node configured to participate in the session.

Abstract: A method of Webpage navigation can include a computer device loading a Webpage having at least a first portion and a second portion, arranging the Webpage in order to present the first portion in the display area of the computer device and to place the second portion out of the display area, and presenting a navigation map corresponding to the Webpage in the display area. In response to a control command input with respect to the navigation map, the Webpage can be arranged in order to present the second portion in the display area.

Abstract: A method and node are disclosed. In the method, circuitry of a first node generates a link state advertising message including bandwidth information indicative of unreserved number of optical channel data unit containers for a plurality of different types of signals supported by an interface of the first node. The link state advertising message is transmitted from the first node to a plurality of second nodes within a mesh network.

Abstract: A method including placing a portion of a foot of a newborn in a device, the device including a light emitter and a corresponding receiver coupled on opposite sides of the device, the device further including a processor for processing data from the light emitter and receiver; and determining a presence of congenital heart disease. An apparatus including a body including a chamber of a size to accommodate a portion of a newborn's foot; at least one light emitter and a corresponding detector coupled on opposite sides of the body, the emitter configured to emit light of a prescribed wavelength into the chamber; and a processor coupled to the body and configured to receive a signal from the at least one detector.

Abstract: A connection between network nodes in a communication network is backed up. A failover switched path such as a label-switched path (LSP) is created starting at a first network node of a connection and ending at the second node of the connection, while bypassing the protected connection. In the event of connection failure, data is transmitted through the failover switched path (e.g., LSP). A network operator can selectively protect different types of data by using filters that bind one or more types of traffic received over one or more interfaces to different failover switched paths (LSPs).

Abstract: A method comprising the steps of receiving a signal indicative of a failure of a working connection in a mesh network having a headend node, a tailend node and an intermediate node, and having a protecting connection, and transmitting an activation message via the protecting connection from at least one of the headend node and the tailend node to the intermediate node for activating the protecting connection.

Abstract: A switch node provided with a switch, an input interface and an output interface. The input interface is adapted to couple to a first communication link to receive a first TDM frame having a user payload field containing a first user data from the first communication link, and a frame overhead field containing a first identification. The input interface is configured to validate the first identification in the frame overhead field and reject the first TDM frame responsive to the first identification being invalid, and to forward the first user data to the switch responsive to the first identification being valid. The output interface is adapted to couple to a second communication link. The output interface is configured to receive the first user data from the switch, and to generate a second TDM frame having a second user payload field containing the first user data, and a second frame overhead field containing a second identification that is different from the first identification.

Abstract: A connection between network nodes in a communication network is backed up. A failover label-switched path (LSP) is created starting at a first network node of a connection and ending 5 at the second node of the connection, while bypassing the protected connection. In the event of connection failure, data is transmitted through the failover LSP. A network operator can selectively protect different types of data by using filters that bind one or more types of traffic received over one or more interfaces to different failover LSPs.

Abstract: Multilayer thermoplastic film structures are described which comprise at least two layers. One layer comprises a homopolymer polypropylene and a second layer, which is at least 3 microns thick, comprises a polyolefin material with a melting point of from 90° C. to 105° C. The film structures are particularly suited for lamination onto substrates such as paper or paper board.

Abstract: Providing protection to network traffic includes sending a Pseudowire protection configuration parameter for configuring a standby Pseudowire between a source node and a destination node, receiving a Pseudowire configuration acknowledgement indicating whether the Pseudowire protection configuration parameter has been accepted by the destination node, and in the event that the Pseudowire protection configuration parameter has been accepted by the destination node, using the standby Pseudowire, wherein the standby Pseudowire's configured based at least in part on the Pseudowire protection configuration parameter.

Abstract: When a node has to restart its control component, or a (e.g., label-switched path signaling) part of its control component, if that node can preserve its forwarding information across the restart, the effects of such restarts on label switched path(s) include the restarting node are minimized. A node's ability to preserve forwarding information across a control component (part) restart is advertised. In the event of a restart, stale forwarding information can be used for a limited time before. The restarting node can use its forwarding information, as well as received label-path advertisements, to determine which of its labels should be associated with the path, for advertisement to its peers.

Abstract: Providing protection to network traffic includes sending a Pseudowire protection configuration parameter for configuring a standby Pseudowire between a source node and a destination node, receiving a Pseudowire configuration acknowledgement indicating whether the Pseudowire protection configuration parameter has been accepted by the destination node, and in the event that the Pseudowire protection configuration parameter has been accepted by the destination node, using the standby Pseudowire, wherein the standby Pseudowire is configured based at least in part on the Pseudowire protection configuration parameter.

Abstract: When a node has to restart its control component, or a (e.g., label-switched path signaling) part of its control component, if that node can preserve its forwarding information across the restart, the effects of such restarts on label switched path(s) the include the restarting node are minimized. A node's ability to preserve forwarding information across a control component (part) restart is advertised. In the event of a restart, stale forwarding information can be used for an limited time before. The restarting node can use its forwarding information, as well as received label-path advertisements, to determine which of its labels should be associated with the path, for advertisement to its peers.