Abstract: A tire has an axis of rotation. The tire includes a circular tread band, a circular hub for attachment to an axle, and a structure including a plurality of annular rings interconnecting the tread band and the hub and transferring a load from the tread band to the hub. A first group of rings are disposed axially adjacent each other and a second group of rings are concentric and disposed radially adjacent each other.

Abstract: An autonomous, plug-in and sacrificial wear sensing system including at least one wearable sensor, autonomous energy supply and means for remote radio-frequency communication. The system includes a tubular tread wear indicator body embedded within a tire tread element. The indicator body is centered within the tread element and is shaped in the form of a tube. The sensor element operably changes in at least one electromagnetically measurable physical parameter as the tread element wears radially inward. The system provides a full tread wear system including the algorithm for signal and data processing, buffering and decision making routines to remotely provide vehicle driver or owner with current tire wear status, tire type—vehicle—season match and with real-time estimation of remaining tire life.

Abstract: A method of installing a tread wear sensor in a tire includes configuring multiple tread wear indicators to each include a stack of sacrificial resistive sensor elements. The stacks of resistive sensor elements are affixed to respective selected tread lugs positioned at dispersed axial locations across a tire tread region. The resistive sensor elements sacrificially abrade and a change in resistance in each stack is measured. Connector assemblies within the tire carcass cavity are positioned radially opposite the selected tread lugs. A needle projection from each of the connector assemblies is inserted radially outward through the tire carrying leads which engage and establish electrical contact with a respective stack of resistive sensor elements.

Abstract: A tread wear indicator is affixed to a respective tire tread element. The indicator is constructed as a plurality of radially stacked sensor elements operatively configured and located to sequentially sacrificially abrade and change in electrical resistance responsive to a progressive tread wear of the respective tread element. The sensor elements are connected by circuitry that communicates a data signal from the sensor elements to a data processor indicative of a change in cumulative resistivity of the sensor elements. The data processor receives the data signal from the sensor elements and determines a radial wear level of the tread element based on the data signal. Multiple tread wear indicators may be mounted to respective tread lugs across the tread to derive a tread wear status based upon the tread wear profiles of the respective lugs.

Abstract: A method of installing a tread wear sensor in a tire includes configuring multiple tread wear indicators to each include a stack of sacrificial resistive sensor elements. The stacks of resistive sensor elements are affixed to respective selected tread lugs positioned at dispersed axial locations across a tire tread region. The resistive sensor elements sacrificially abrade and a change in resistance in each stack is measured. Connector assemblies within the tire carcass cavity are positioned radially opposite the selected tread lugs. A needle projection from each of the connector assemblies is inserted radially outward through the tire carrying leads which engage and establish electrical contact with a respective stack of resistive sensor elements.

Abstract: A tread wear indicator is affixed to a respective tire tread element. The indicator is constructed as a plurality of radially stacked sensor elements operatively configured and located to sequentially sacrificially abrade and change in electrical resistance responsive to a progressive tread wear of the respective tread element. The sensor elements are connected by circuitry that communicates a data signal from the sensor elements to a data processor indicative of a change in cumulative resistivity of the sensor elements. The data processor receives the data signal from the sensor elements and determines a radial wear level of the tread element based on the data signal. Multiple tread wear indicators may be mounted to respective tread lugs across the tread to derive a tread wear status based upon the tread wear profiles of the respective lugs.

Abstract: An autonomous, plug-in and sacrificial wear sensing system including at least one wearable sensor, autonomous energy supply and means for remote radio-frequency communication. The system includes a tubular tread wear indicator body embedded within a tire tread element. The indicator body is centered within the tread element and is shaped in the form of a tube. The sensor element operably changes in at least one electromagnetically measurable physical parameter as the tread element wears radially inward. The system provides a full tread wear system including the algorithm for signal and data processing, buffering and decision making routines to remotely provide vehicle driver or owner with current tire wear status, tire type—vehicle—season match and with real-time estimation of remaining tire life.