Abstract: A fluid pressure control apparatus includes a proportional solenoid valve having a solenoid portion and a valve portion operatively connected between a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port fluidly coupled to a pressure sensor. An electronic controller receives a first signal from the pressure sensor, receives a second signal corresponding to a pressure set point, and outputs a control signal to the solenoid valve. A flameproof/explosion proof or pressurized/purged enclosure houses the electronic controller and the solenoid portion of the solenoid valve, and a manifold block mounted to the enclosure covers and closes an opening of the enclosure. The manifold block includes internal passageways connecting the valve portion of the solenoid valve between the fluid inlet port and the fluid outlet port. The pressure sensor is arranged outside the enclosure, with the first signal from the pressure sensor being conducted into the enclosure via a fluid-tight electrical feedthrough.

Abstract: A method for producing a pneumatic module, a gas analysis device comprising at least one such pneumatic module, a computer program product via which the operating characteristics of a corresponding pneumatic module can be simulated, wherein the pneumatic module serves to adjust a fluid flow and is deployable in the gas analysis device and includes a support sleeve and a flow module that is contained in the support sleeve, where the flow module is connected at a first end thereof to the support sleeve in order to achieve greater measuring accuracy of the gas analysis device.

Abstract: A thermoresistive gas sensor, e.g. for a flow sensor or a thermal conductivity detector, has a lattice with lattice webs, which consist of a semiconductor material arranged in the plane of the lattice in parallel next to one another, wherein the semiconductor material is formed on a plate-shaped semiconductor substrate that extends over a window-like cutout in the semiconductor substrate and forms the lattice, where the semiconductor layer is doped outside the cutout in areas of two ends of the lattice at least over the width of the lattice until it degenerates and/or bears metallizations, where the semiconductor layer further contains a separation structure insulating the two ends of the lattice from one another, in which the semiconductor material is removed or is not doped, and where the lattice webs extend in an S shape and are connected electrically in parallel to achieve a high measurement sensitivity and mechanical stability.

Abstract: Method for calibrating a gas chromatograph to render the calibration of the gas chromatograph more error-proof, wherein relative response factors determined during the calibration are compared with universal relative response factors contained in the memory and typical of the detectors, where an error message is generated and output if the relative response factors determined in the calibration deviate beyond a predetermined degree from the universal relative response factors, and where the universal relative response factors are determined and provided for different components by the manufacturer of the detectors, for instance.

Abstract: A fluid pressure control apparatus includes a proportional solenoid valve having a solenoid portion and a valve portion operatively connected between a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port fluidly coupled to a pressure sensor. An electronic controller receives a first signal from the pressure sensor, receives a second signal corresponding to a pressure set point, and outputs a control signal to the solenoid valve. A flameproof/explosion proof or pressurized/purged enclosure houses the electronic controller and the solenoid portion of the solenoid valve, and a manifold block mounted to the enclosure covers and closes an opening of the enclosure. The manifold block includes internal passageways connecting the valve portion of the solenoid valve between the fluid inlet port and the fluid outlet port. The pressure sensor is arranged outside the enclosure, with the first signal from the pressure sensor being conducted into the enclosure via a fluid-tight electrical feedthrough.

Abstract: A thermoresistive gas sensor, e.g. for a flow sensor or a thermal conductivity detector, has a lattice with lattice webs, which consist of a semiconductor material arranged in the plane of the lattice in parallel next to one another, wherein the semiconductor material is formed on a plate-shaped semiconductor substrate that extends over a window-like cutout in the semiconductor substrate and forms the lattice, where the semiconductor layer is doped outside the cutout in areas of two ends of the lattice at least over the width of the lattice until it degenerates and/or bears metallizations, where the semiconductor layer further contains a separation structure insulating the two ends of the lattice from one another, in which the semiconductor material is removed or is not doped, and where the lattice webs extend in an S shape and are connected electrically in parallel to achieve a high measurement sensitivity and mechanical stability.

Abstract: A gas chromatograph that includes a metering chamber, two separating devices and a multiport valve unit having switching functions for metering, straight separation, cutting and backflush, where the multiport valve unit is formed as a multiport diaphragm valve.

Abstract: Method for calibrating a gas chromatograph to render the calibration of the gas chromatograph more error-proof, wherein relative response factors determined during the calibration are compared with universal relative response factors contained in the memory and typical of the detectors, where an error message is generated and output if the relative response factors determined in the calibration deviate beyond a predetermined degree from the universal relative response factors, and where the universal relative response factors are determined and provided for different components by the manufacturer of the detectors, for instance.

Abstract: A method in which a sample of a gas mixture to be analyzed via gas chromatography is conducted through a chromatographic separating device via a carrier gas, separated components of the gas mixture are subsequently quantitatively determined in an absorption spectrometer having a wavelength-adaptable light source, and in order to increase the speed of analysis and to be able to also determine components that cannot be measured via absorption spectroscopy, the wavelength of the light source can be adapted to an absorption line of the carrier gas, where the individual components of the gas mixture are determined indirectly via a concentration reduction of the carrier gas.

Abstract: A gas chromatograph that includes a metering chamber, two separating devices and a multiport valve unit having switching functions for metering, straight separation, cutting and backflush, where the multiport valve unit is formed as a multiport diaphragm valve.

Abstract: A fluid-cooled balun transformer that includes a substrate plate with a first and an opposite second face, a first and a second conductive element arranged on the first and the second face, respectively, wherein a first and a second signal port electrically is connected to the first and the second conductive element, respectively, and a cooling module, where the second conductive element is transformingly coupled to the first conductive element and electrically isolated therefrom, the cooling module includes a first tubular member, the first tubular member has a fluid inlet to receive a coolant fluid into the first tubular member, a flow channel to conduct a flow of coolant fluid within the first tubular member and a fluid outlet to release the coolant fluid from the first tubular member, and where the flow channel of the first tubular member is arranged in thermal contact with the first conductive element.

Abstract: A laser spectrometer and method for measuring gas component concentration in a measurement gas, wherein light intensity from a wavelength-tunable laser diode is detected after irradiation of the measurement gas and a reference gas, and the concentration of the gas component is determined based on reduction of the light intensity by the absorption of light at the position of a selected absorption line of the gas component, and the position of the absorption line of the gas component is referenced based on a selected absorption line of the reference gas, and wherein there is a mixed operation consisting of actual measurements of fast concentration changes of the gas component to be measured and a short reference/standardization phase for wavelength referencing, line locking and standardization, where the duration of the actual measurement is measured such that measuring conditions remain constant and do not deviate from those during the reference/standardization phase.

Abstract: A laser spectrometer and method for measuring gas component concentration in a measurement gas, wherein light intensity from a wavelength-tunable laser diode is detected after irradiation of the measurement gas and a reference gas, and the concentration of the gas component is determined based on reduction of the light intensity by the absorption of light at the position of a selected absorption line of the gas component, and the position of the absorption line of the gas component is referenced based on a selected absorption line of the reference gas, and wherein there is a mixed operation consisting of actual measurements of fast concentration changes of the gas component to be measured and a short reference/standardization phase for wavelength referencing, line locking and standardization, where the duration of the actual measurement is measured such that measuring conditions remain constant and do not deviate from those during the reference/standardization phase.

Abstract: A method in which a sample of a gas mixture to be analyzed via gas chromatography is conducted through a chromatographic separating device via a carrier gas, separated components of the gas mixture are subsequently quantitatively determined in an absorption spectrometer having a wavelength-adaptable light source, and in order to increase the speed of analysis and to be able to also determine components that cannot be measured via absorption spectroscopy, the wavelength of the light source can be adapted to an absorption line of the carrier gas, where the individual components of the gas mixture are determined indirectly via a concentration reduction of the carrier gas.

Abstract: Method for chromatographic analysis of a hydrogen-containing gas mixture, wherein a first dose of the gas mixture is guided through a separation device using helium as a carrier gas during a first measurement pass and concentrations of separated components are measured, the concentration of the hydrogen in the gas mixture is measured and the measurement value is obtained up to an upper limit value in the range from 5% to 6%, and a second dose of the same gas mixture is guided through the separation device using the same carrier gas during a second measurement pass, wherein as compared to the first measurement pass the dose is reduced, the gas mixture is volumetrically diluted and/or the carrier-gas speed is reduced, and the hydrogen concentration is re-measured, and the measurement value obtained during the first measurement pass is verified against the measurement value obtained in the second measurement pass.

Abstract: A gas chromatograph comprising two separating devices disposed one behind the other, and through which a material sample is conducted by a carrier gas. A pressure regulator regulates the pressure of the carrier gas introduced into the first separating device. A controllable switching device is arranged between the two separating devices. The switching device contains a main gas path lying between the two separating devices and two auxiliary gas paths, which are connected to the main gas path through connecting gas paths and are both fed with the carrier gas and contain flow resistors and a controllable valve for setting different pressure conditions. The auxiliary gas paths are supplied with the carrier gas through the same pressure regulator to reduce the design and adjustment effort in setting the pressure conditions, where fixed resistors are used for the flow resistors.

Abstract: A gas chromatograph comprising two separating devices disposed one behind the other, and through which a material sample is conducted by a carrier gas. A pressure regulator regulates the pressure of the carrier gas introduced into the first separating device. A controllable switching device is arranged between the two separating devices. The switching device contains a main gas path lying between the two separating devices and two auxiliary gas paths, which are connected to the main gas path through connecting gas paths and are both fed with the carrier gas and contain flow resistors and a controllable valve for setting different pressure conditions. The auxiliary gas paths are supplied with the carrier gas through the same pressure regulator to reduce the design and adjustment effort in setting the pressure conditions, where fixed resistors are used for the flow resistors.