Abstract: Systems and techniques are described for generating test cases. In one example, a manual test of code is performed. The manual test uses proxy code to detect at least one input to the code and a data transfer between the code and other code. The data transfer includes an input to the other code and an output from the other code. A file is generated that includes the at least one input to the code, the input to the other code, the output from the other code, and data that specifies that the manual test of the code resulted in an expected output. A mock test automates the manual test of the code based at least in part on the file.

Abstract: A process of obtaining, in effect, a multi-virtual-machine snapshot by taking a single-virtual-machine snapshot begins with creating, by a host hypervisor, a host virtual machine and a guest hypervisor. The guest hypervisor executes on the host virtual machine. Virtual machines to be included together in an effective multi-virtual-machine snapshot are migrated to the guest hypervisor. A single-virtual-machine snapshot is taken, by the host hypervisor, of the host virtual machine. The snapshot contains the state data for the virtual machines migrated to the guest hypervisor.

Abstract: A process of obtaining, in effect, a multi-virtual-machine snapshot by taking a single-virtual-machine snapshot begins with creating, by a host hypervisor, a host virtual machine and a guest hypervisor. The guest hypervisor executes on the host virtual machine. Virtual machines to be included together in an effective multi-virtual-machine snapshot are migrated to the guest hypervisor. A single-virtual-machine snapshot is taken, by the host hypervisor, of the host virtual machine. The snapshot contains the state data for the virtual machines migrated to the guest hypervisor.

Abstract: Techniques for managing software licensing cost information are disclosed. In one embodiment, license data including licensing cost information associated with a product may be obtained. A license key for the product may be generated by encrypting the license data using an encryption key. The license key and a decryption key may be provided to a management tool associated with a client device. The management tool may be enabled to decrypt the license key using the decryption key to track the licensing cost information associated with the product.

Abstract: Systems and techniques are described for generating test cases. In one example, a manual test of code is performed. The manual test uses proxy code to detect at least one input to the code and a data transfer between the code and other code. The data transfer includes an input to the other code and an output from the other code. A file is generated that includes the at least one input to the code, the input to the other code, the output from the other code, and data that specifies that the manual test of the code resulted in an expected output. A mock test automates the manual test of the code based at least in part on the file.

Abstract: This disclosure presents computational systems and methods that allocate cost of resources of a cluster of server computers used by virtual machines in a virtual data center. In one aspect, a fair unit rate is computed based on the larger of a measured average utilization or an expected utilization of a cluster resource of server computers within a physical data center by virtual machines. The fair unit rate is a cost per unit of resource used over a period of time and is used to compute an allocated cost of the virtual machine usage of the cluster resource.

Abstract: Systems and techniques are described for generating test cases. A described technique includes monitoring a manual test of a code portion. The monitoring can include identifying one or more performed operations performed during the manual test. A seed file can be generated that includes data describing the one or more performed operations. A mock test can be generated for the code portion using the seed file. The mock test can include one or more mock operations that match the one or more performed operations. The mock test can be performed on the code portion, including performing the one or more mock operations using the code portion.

Abstract: Systems and techniques are described for generating test cases. A described technique includes monitoring a manual test of a code portion. The monitoring can include identifying one or more performed operations performed during the manual test. A seed file can be generated that includes data describing the one or more performed operations. A mock test can be generated for the code portion using the seed file. The mock test can include one or more mock operations that match the one or more performed operations. The mock test can be performed on the code portion, including performing the one or more mock operations using the code portion.

Abstract: The current document is directed to a machine-learning-based subsystem, included within a virtualization layer, that learns, over time, how to accurately predict operational characteristics for the virtual machines executing within the virtual execution environment provided by the virtualization layer that result from changes to the states of the virtual machines. When the virtualization layer receives requests that, if satisfied, would result in a change of the state of one or more virtual machines, the virtualization layer uses operational characteristics predicted by the machine-learning-based subsystem from virtual-machine resource-allocation states that would obtain by satisfying the requests. When the predicted operational characteristics are indicative of potential non-optimality, instability, or unpredictability of virtualized-computer-system operation, the virtualization layer anticipates a deleterious state change and undertakes preventative measures.

Abstract: This disclosure presents computational systems and methods that allocate cost of resources of a cluster of server computers used by virtual machines in a virtual data center. In one aspect, a fair unit rate is computed based on the larger of a measured average utilization or an expected utilization of a cluster resource of server computers within a physical data center by virtual machines. The fair unit rate is a cost per unit of resource used over a period of time and is used to compute an allocated cost of the virtual machine usage of the cluster resource.

Abstract: The disclosure presents methods and systems for determining cost allocation for logical containers run on a data-center infrastructure. In one aspect, for each resource allocated to one or more logical containers, a method calculates a resource allocation value for each of the one or more logical containers, the resource allocation value represents an amount of the resource allocated to the logical container. An allocated container cost is then calculated for each of the one or more logical containers based on the resource allocation value of each logical container. A cost of unused portions of the resource for each of the one or more logical containers is calculated based on the allocated container cost and the resource allocation value associated with each logical container. The resource allocation value, the allocated container cost, and the cost of unused portion of the resource are stored in one or more data-storage devices.

Abstract: This disclosure presents computational systems and methods for calculating the cost of vCPUs from the cost of CPU computing cycles. In one aspect, a total number of computing cycles used by one or more virtual machines (“VMs”) is calculated based on utilization measurements of a multi-core processor for each VM over a period of time. The method also calculates a total number of virtual CPUs (“vCPUs”) used by the one or more VMs based on vCPU counts for each VM over the period of time. A cost per vCPU is calculated based on the total number of computing cycles, the total number of vCPUs, and cost per computing cycle. The cost per vCPU is stored in a data-storage device. The cost per vCPU can be used to calculate the cost of a VM that uses one or more of the vCPUs.

Abstract: A computing environment includes a plurality of objects that are managed according to a plurality of policies, where each policy defines an action to be performed and a condition for performing the action. When a request to create a new policy is received, a condition of the new policy is compared with conditions of existing policies that are maintained in a policy storage unit in order to determine a policy conflict. If no policy conflict is determined, the new policy is stored in the policy storage unit. An error is issued if a policy conflict is determined.