Abstract: Provided herein are techniques to facilitate location-specific wireless local area network (WLAN) offload restrictions for user equipment based on wireless wide area network (WWAN) radio band(s). In at least one example, a method performed by an authentication server of a WLAN may include, for a user equipment (UE) that is connected to an NR radio band of a WWAN and is seeking to connect to the WLAN, querying a subscription element of the WWAN to obtain a location indicator and an NR radio band indicator for the UE; determining, based on the location indicator and the NR radio band indicator, whether the UE is allowed or required to offload to the WLAN; and based on determining that the UE is allowed to offload from the WWAN to the WLAN, facilitating a WLAN association response message to be sent to the UE for offloading the UE to the WLAN.

Abstract: Naphthenic acid solids and/or emulsions can be inhibited by introducing an additive to crude oil prior to or concurrent with the deprotonation of the naphthenic acids present in the crude oil. The additives may be surfactants and can be amines, quaternary ammonium compounds, quaternary phosphonium compounds, and mixtures of both. The additives may also be linear compounds having at least two carboxylic acid or acrylic acid functional moieties.

Abstract: Amines or ammonia and amines may be used to enhance recovery of heavy hydrocarbons. The amines or ammonia and amines alone or with water, steam or an oil solvent are combined with the heavy hydrocarbons to promote the transport of the heavy hydrocarbons. The amines or ammonia and amines may be injected downhole or admixed with heavy hydrocarbon containing ore on the surface, optionally with water or steam. Ammonia may be used alone with high quality steam.

Abstract: Amines or ammonia and amines may be used to enhance recovery of heavy hydrocarbons. The amines or ammonia and amines alone or with water, steam or an oil solvent are combined with the heavy hydrocarbons to promote the transport of the heavy hydrocarbons. The amines or ammonia and amines may be injected downhole or admixed with heavy hydrocarbon containing ore on the surface, optionally with water or steam. Ammonia may be used alone with high quality steam. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.

Abstract: Naphthenic acid solids and/or emulsions can be inhibited by introducing an additive to crude oil prior to or concurrent with the deprotonation of the naphthenic acids present in the crude oil. The additives may be surfactants and can be amines, quaternary ammonium compounds, quaternary phosphonium compounds, and mixtures of both. The additives may also be linear compounds having at least two carboxylic acid or acrylic acid functional moieties.

Abstract: Methods and systems for efficient file replication are provided. In some embodiments, one or more coarse signatures for blocks in a base file are compared with those coarse signatures for blocks of a revised file, until a match is found. A fine signature is then generated for the matching block of the revised file and compared to a fine signature of the base file. Thus, fine signatures are not computed unless a coarse signature match has been found, thereby minimizing unneeded time-consuming fine signature calculations. Methods are also provided for determining whether to initiate a delta file generation algorithm, or whether to utilize a more efficient replication method, based upon system and/or file parameters. In accordance with additional embodiments, the lengths of valid data on physical blocks are obtained from physical block mappings for the files, and these lengths and mappings are utilized for delta file generation, to minimize unnecessary signature computations.