Abstract: Using GA as the crosslinking agent, the PVA/GA/CS-M+ pervaporation membrane having high mechanical strength can be readily obtained via blending the Ag+, Cu2+, or Fe3+-chelated CS precursor with PVA, performing excellent permeability and selectivity for the dehydration of organic solvents.

Abstract: A car stop plate includes a stop having a penetrating hole for locking or being penetrated by other tool for retaining; a supporting sheet extending from a lower side to a predetermined distance; widths of the supporting sheet being reduced from an end near the stop to a front end; a length of the supporting sheet being based on a distance from lowest point of a wheel of a car to a foremost or rearmost of the car. In use, the stop resists against a front wheel of a car; the wheel of the car will press the supporting sheet so as to retain the supporting sheet motionlessly. When a driver desires to park a car, the car can be stopped quickly by resisting against the car stop plate in a specific position.