Abstract: Self binding mineral pigments (such as kaolin clay) having a high surface area and particle size in the nano scale range are provided which are useful in paper coating and filling, ink jet coating formulations, paint compositions, and as a filler in rubbers, plastics and polymers. These self binding pigments are manufactured by intensive wet milling of a mineral composition which may optionally be subjected to intensive dry grinding and acid treatment prior to wet milling or an acid treatment following dry grinding and wet milling.

Abstract: Self binding mineral pigments (such as kaolin clay) having a high surface area and particle size in the nano scale range are provided which are useful in paper coating and filling, ink jet coating formulations, paint compositions, and as a filler in rubbers, plastics and polymers. These self binding pigments are manufactured by intensive dry grinding and wet milling of a mineral composition which may optionally be subjected to an acid treatment.

Abstract: Mineral pigments (such as kaolin clay) having a high surface area and particle size in the nano scale range are provided which are useful in paper coating and filling, ink jet coating formulations, paint compositions, and as a filler in rubbers, plastics and polymers. These pigments are manufactured by intensive wet milling of a mineral composition which may have undergone prior dry grinding and then optionally subjecting the wet milled mineral composition to an acid treatment.

Abstract: Mineral pigments (such as kaolin clay) having a high surface area and particle size in the nano scale range are provided which are useful in paper coating and filling, ink jet coating formulations, paint compositions, and as a filler in rubbers, plastics and polymers. These pigments are manufactured by intensive wet milling of a mineral composition which may have undergone prior dry grinding and then optionally subjecting the wet milled mineral composition to an acid treatment.

Abstract: Mineral pigments (such as kaolin clay) having a high surface area and particle size in the nano scale range are provided which are useful in paper coating and filling, ink jet coating formulations, paint compositions, and as a filler in rubbers, plastics and polymers. These pigments are manufactured by intensive wet milling of a mineral composition which may have undergone prior dry grinding and then optionally subjecting the wet milled mineral composition to an acid treatment.

Abstract: Aggregated mineral pigments (such as kaolin clay pigments) having a high surface area and useful in coating and filling compositions for ink jet printing media are manufactured by dry grinding an unground mineral composition starting material and then optionally acid treating the ground material.

Abstract: Aggregated mineral pigments (such as kaolin clay pigments) having a high surface area and useful in coating and filling compositions for ink jet printing media are manufactured by dry grinding an unground mineral composition starting material and then optionally acid treating the ground material.

Abstract: Aggregated mineral pigments (such as kaolin clay pigments) having a high surface area and useful in coating compositions for ink jet printing media are manufactured by dry grinding an unground mineral composition starting material and then optionally acid treating the ground material.

Abstract: Fine-grained Tertiary kaolin clay pigments providing improved opacity, sheet gloss and print gloss to paper coated with these pigments are produced by removing fine and coarse particles to produce pigments having a narrow particle size distribution.

Abstract: Kaolin clay agglomerates having improved bulk density, improved rheological properties and good optical properties are provided by mixing calcined kaolin clay, hydrous kaolin clay and water and then subjecting the mixture to high pressure in a compaction system.

Abstract: A improved process for beneficiating kaolin clays to remove discoloring impurities is disclosed. The beneficiation of kaolin clay is improved by fractionating a kaolin clay starting material into a lower brightness first fraction having a majority of the discoloring impurities and a higher brightness second fraction with less impurities. The first fraction is then beneficiated (such as by flotation, selection flocculation, high intensity magnetic separation and/or leaching) to produce a kaolin clay product with improved optical properties. The first and second fractions may be combined to produce a product with improved optical properties.

Abstract: Substantially crystalline kaolin clays having varying morphological properties are produced by the hydrothermal treatment, in an acidic environment, of substantially amorphous calcined kaolin clay.

Abstract: Fine-grained kaolin clays having improved brightness can be produced by (a) using centrifugation to fractionate the clay starting material into finer and coarser fractions, (b) subjecting the coarser fraction to flotation to remove discoloring impurities and (c) combining the finer and floated coarser fractions to produce fine-grained kaolin clays having improved brightness.

Abstract: Clay materials, such as kaolin, containing expandable layer-silicates are chemically treated with a source of magnesium cations, followed by a pH adjustment, to provide a slurry product having improved rheological properties.

Abstract: A process for intercalating potassium acetate molecules in kaolin clay particles to achieve delamination has been developed by mixing kaolin clay particles, potassium acetate and water. A maximum intercalation, and hence a maximum degree of delamination, can be achieved with potassium acetate levels between 10% and 75% by weight, based on the weight of kaolin clay particles, and 5% and 50% water by weight, based on the weight of potassium acetate.

Abstract: An opacifying kaolin clay pigment with improved rheological properties and good opacifying characteristics is manufactured by a process which comprises reacting a mixture of water, kaolin clay and calcium carbonate with a hydroxide component at a temperature of at least 60.degree. C.

Abstract: An opacifying kaolin pigment with improved porosity, light scattering ability (opacity), gloss, and ink receptivity over that of the starting pigment is manufactured by a process which comprises the steps of treating an aqueous solution of kaolin with a phosphate compound, using the endogenous aluminum leached from kaolin and/or adding a soluble aluminum compound and increasing the pH of the mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for treating synthetic zeolite to remove organic template material therefrom and concurrently therewith effect dealumination of the zeolite. The method comprises the steps of providing a body of synthetic zeolite containing organic template material, the zeolite having an SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio of at least 7:1. The body is treated with a solution comprised of an alcohol selected from methanol, ethanol and propanol and an acid selected from hydrochloric, nitric and sulfuric acid at a temperature and time to remove the organic template material therefrom and to effect dealumination thereof to provide a treated zeolite product. The treated product is washed to remove residual solution and then dried to provide a synthetic zeolite product containing a reduced amount of organic template material and having an SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio of at least 7:1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a controlled process for producing amorphous, microporous silica gels having a predetermined water sorption isotherm of moderate Type I shape having a separation factor between about 0.07 and 0.1 and micropore diameter size between about 6 and 8.7 angstroms. The present microporous silica gels are prepared by adjusting the pH of the reaction system or by doping the system with various elements during the hydrolysis and condensation of alkoxy silicates to form silica gels therefrom, and the hydrolyzed products are successively polymerized to form polymers and particles containing siloxane bonds as follows: ##STR1## Various factors, for example open vs closed system, amount of water used for hydrolysis, type of alkoxides and solvent, pH, amount of catalyst, temperature, aging and drying conditions etc., affect the nature and the rate of hydrolysis, condensation reactions and network formation, and consequently the properties of the final gel products.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a process of reducing the polarity on the internal surfaces of various zeolites having a SiO.sub.2 to Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio of at least about 3 and an average pore diameter size within the range of from about 4 to about 10 angstroms. The modified zeolites in accordance with the present invention are prepared by heating the starting zeolite in an aqueous medium also containing an acid or a source of ammonium ions to at least partially dealuminize the zeolite and thereby increase the ratio of silicon to aluminum present in the tetrahedral structure. At the same time, the process provides for hydrogen ion exchange with respect to those zeolites which contain significant amounts of metallic cation in the structure thereby replacing the bulky metallic cations with less bulky hydrogen ions and thereby increasing the water adsorptive capacity of the zeolite.