Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for performing spectroscopy and optical microscopy are disclosed. In at least one embodiment, a Raman spectrometer includes a vacuum ultraviolet light source configured to generate light having a wavelength within a window in the vacuum ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum within which a local minimum in the absorption coefficient of Oxygen occurs. The spectrometer also includes a lens device that receives a first portion of the generated light, directs at least some of the first portion of the generated light toward a target location, receives reflected light from the target location, and directs the reflected light toward a further location. The spectrometer further includes a dispersive device that receives at least some of the reflected light and outputs dispersed light produced based thereupon, and a camera module that is positioned at additional location, where the camera module receives at least some of the dispersed light.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for performing spectroscopy and optical microscopy are disclosed. In at least one embodiment, a Raman spectrometer includes a vacuum ultraviolet light source configured to generate light having a wavelength within a window in the vacuum ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum within which a local minimum in the absorption coefficient of Oxygen occurs. The spectrometer also includes a lens device that receives a first portion of the generated light, directs at least some of the first portion of the generated light toward a target location, receives reflected light from the target location, and directs the reflected light toward a further location. The spectrometer further includes a dispersive device that receives at least some of the reflected light and outputs dispersed light produced based thereupon, and a camera module that is positioned at additional location, where the camera module receives at least some of the dispersed light.

Abstract: A storage device for the storage and retrieval of arbitrary sequences of binary information provides areal densities exceeding terabytes per square centimeter (TB/cm2) and even petabytes per square centimeter (PB/cm2) in a 3D configuration. The information is encoded in long strands of biological or non-biological molecules such as artificial DNA, RNA or other synthetic molecules that form a macromolecule. The strands are written in-situ and, in some cases synthesized in-situ, transported to and from read and write stations and memory locations on the device. The data is read out by detecting individual bases or collection of bases directly from the strand.