Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for forecasting response to lupus nephritis (LN) therapy in individual diagnosed with childhood-onset SLE (cSLE). The methods may include the step of detecting each protein in a protein set in a sample obtained from an individual in need thereof. The protein set may include ceruloplasmin, kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), adiponectin, hemopexin, and NGAL.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of treating fibrosis in an individual in need thereof. The disclosed methods employ a peptide (“pUR4”) in an amount effective to reverse, attenuate, or prevent fibrosis in an individual in need thereof. The disclosed methods and compositions may be used for treatment of fibrosis, including liver fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, kidney fibrosis, skin fibrosis, ischemia-induced fibrosis, periglomerular fibrosis, fibrosis resulting from an injury, fibrosis resulting from an obstructive event, fibrosis resulting from a nephrotoxic event, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for the identification of an individual likely to have steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). The disclosed methods may include detection a plurality of proteins. The plurality of proteins may include, for example, Vitamin D Binding Protein (VDBP), Alpha-1 Acid Glycoprotein 2 (AGP-2), Fetuin A, prealbumin, and NGAL in a urine sample obtained from said individual. The methods may further include detection of Alpha-1 Acid Glycoprotein 1 (AGP-1), Alpha-1 B Glycoprotein (A1BG), Thyroxine binding globulin, hemopexin, and alpha-2 macroglobulin.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of determining whether a patient diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome has steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) or steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) by determining the levels of one or more biomarkers in a biofluid from the patient. Also disclosed are methods of treating a patient diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome, and kits and substrates related to the disclosed methods.

Abstract: A method of assessing the ongoing kidney status of a mammal afflicted with or at risk of developing chronic renal injury or disease, including chronic renal failure (CRF) by detecting the quantity of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) in urine, serum or plasma samples at discrete time periods, as well as over time. Incremental increases in NGAL levels in CRF patients over a prolonged period of time are diagnostic of worsening kidney disease. This increase in NGAL precedes and correlates with other indicators of worsening chronic renal disease or CRF, such as increased serum creatinine, increased urine protein secretion, and lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Proper detection of worsening (or improving, if treatment has been instituted) renal status over time, confirmed by pre- and post-treatment NGAL levels in the patient, can aid the clinical practitioner in designing and/or maintaining a proper treatment regimen to slow or stop the progression of CRF.

Abstract: Methods for the detection of active lupus nephritis (LN) and worsening renal disease activity and/or active LN in patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus, using a panel of biomarkers including transferrin (Tf), ceruloplasmin (Cp), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP1), lipocalin-like prostaglandin D synthetase (L-PGDS), and urinary neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (UNGAL).

Abstract: Use of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a biomarker, alone or in conjunction with creatinine to aid in the diagnosis of renal conditions such as acute tubular necrosis and acute renal failure, and a method and a kit for assigning a diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis or acute renal failure to a subject based on the correlation between the levels of NGAL and optionally creatinine in a sample obtained from a subject when compared to a sample obtained from a normal subject not experiencing acute tubular necrosis or acute renal failure.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of determining whether a patient diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome has steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) or steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) by determining the levels of one or more biomarkers in a biofluid from the patient. Also disclosed are methods of treating a patient diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome, and kits and substrates related to the disclosed methods.

Abstract: A method for the detection of an early biomarker for assessing a change in renal status in a mammalian subject following a renal event. The method typically includes the steps of (a) providing a body fluid sample obtained from a mammalian subject; (b) analyzing the molecular weight of the proteins in the sample using proteome analysis; and (c) identifying the presence of a protein in the sample selected from the group consisting of a 6.4 kDa protein, a 28.5 kDa protein, a 33 kDa protein, a 44 kDa protein, a 67 kDa protein, and combinations thereof. The presence of one of these proteins can serve as an early biomarker for assessing a change in renal status. The levels of these proteins can be compared to predetermined levels, and thus provide a determination of the subject's renal status. The invention also includes a method of assessing the administration of aprotinin during cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery and provides for methods where the level of the 6.

Abstract: A method for the detection of an early biomarker for assessing a change in renal status in a mammalian subject following a renal event. The method typically includes the steps of (a) providing a body fluid sample obtained from a mammalian subject; (b) analyzing the molecular weight of the proteins in the sample using proteome analysis; and (c) identifying the presence of a protein in the sample selected from the group consisting of a 6.4 kDa protein, a 28.5 kDa protein, a 33 kDa protein, a 44 kDa protein, a 67 kDa protein, and combinations thereof. The presence of one of these proteins can serve as an early biomarker for assessing a change in renal status. The levels of these proteins can be compared to predetermined levels, and thus provide a determination of the subject's renal status. The invention also includes a method of assessing the administration of aprotinin during cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery and provides for methods where the level of the 6.

Abstract: A method for the detection of an early biomarker for assessing a change in renal status in a mammalian subject following a renal event. The method typically includes the steps of (a) providing a body fluid sample obtained from a mammalian subject; (b) analyzing the molecular weight of the proteins in the sample using proteome analysis; and (c) identifying the presence of a protein in the sample selected from the group consisting of a 6.4 kDa protein, a 28.5 kDa protein, a 33 kDa protein, a 44 kDa protein, a 67 kDa protein, and combinations thereof. The presence of one of these proteins can serve as an early biomarker for assessing a change in renal status. The levels of these proteins can be compared to predetermined levels, and thus provide a determination of the subject's renal status. The invention also includes a method of assessing the administration of aprotinin during cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery and provides for methods where the level of the 6.

Abstract: A method and kit for detecting the early onset of renal tubular cell injury, utilizing NGAL as an early urinary biomarker. NGAL is a small secreted polypeptide that is protease resistant and consequently readily detected in the urine following renal tubule cell injury. NGAL protein expression is detected predominantly in proximal tubule cells, in a punctate cytoplasmic distribution reminiscent of a secreted protein. The appearance of NGAL in the urine is related to the dose and duration of renal ischemia and nephrotoxemia, and is diagnostic of renal tubule cell injury and renal failure. NGAL detection is also a useful marker for monitoring the nephrotoxic side effects of drugs or other therapeutic agents.

Abstract: A method of assessing the ongoing kidney status of a mammal afflicted with or at risk of developing chronic renal injury or disease, including chronic renal failure (CRF) by detecting the quantity of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) in urine, serum or plasma samples at discrete time periods, as well as over time. Incremental increases in NGAL levels in CRF patients over a prolonged period of time are diagnostic of worsening kidney disease. This increase in NGAL precedes and correlates with other indicators of worsening chronic renal disease or CRF, such as increased serum creatinine, increased urine protein secretion, and lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Proper detection of worsening (or improving, if treatment has been instituted) renal status over time, confirmed by pre- and post-treatment NGAL levels in the patient, can aid the clinical practitioner in designing and/or maintaining a proper treatment regimen to slow or stop the progression of CRF.

Abstract: A preservation solution for organs waiting to be transplanted is disclosed; the method of using the solution in a transplantation procedure is also disclosed. The preservation solutions comprise a balanced isotonic aqueous solution comprising sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and bicarbonate ions in a physiologically acceptable amount, together with an effective amount of a mutein of the C5a anaphylatoxin which is a C5a receptor antagonist wherein the amino acid residue naturally occurring at sequence position 69 is mutated.

Abstract: A method for the detection of an early biomarker for assessing a change in renal status in a mammalian subject following a renal event. The method typically includes the steps of (a) providing a body fluid sample obtained from a mammalian subject; (b) analyzing the molecular weight of the proteins in the sample using proteome analysis; and (c) identifying the presence of a protein in the sample selected from the group consisting of a 6.4 kDa protein, a 28.5 kDa protein, a 33 kDa protein, a 44 kDa protein, a 67 kDa protein, and combinations thereof. The presence of one of these proteins can serve as an early biomarker for assessing a change in renal status. The levels of these proteins can be compared to predetermined levels, and thus provide a determination of the subject's renal status. The invention also includes a method of assessing the administration of aprotinin during cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery and provides for methods where the level of the 6.

Abstract: Methods of assessing the ongoing kidney status in a subject afflicted with chronic renal failure (CRF) by detecting the quantity of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) in fluid samples over time. NGAL is a small secreted polypeptide that is protease resistant and consequently readily detected in the urine and serum as a result of chronic renal tubule cell injury. Incremental increases in NGAL levels in CRF patients over a prolonged period of time are diagnostic of worsening kidney disease. This increase in NGAL precedes and correlates with other indicators of worsening CRF, such as increased serum creatinine, increased urine protein secretion, and lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Proper detection of worsening (or improving, if treatment has been instituted) renal status over time, confirmed by pre- and post-treatment NGAL levels in the patient, can aid in designing and/or maintaining a proper treatment regimen to slow or stop the progression of CRF.

Abstract: A preservation solution for organs waiting to be transplanted is disclosed; the method of using the solution in a transplantation procedure is also disclosed. The preservation solutions comprise a balanced isotonic aqueous solution comprising sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and bicarbonate ions in a physiologically acceptable amount, together with an effective amount of a mutein of the C5a anaphylatoxin which is a C5a receptor antagonist wherein the amino acid residue naturally occurring at sequence position 69 is mutated.

Abstract: Use of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a biomarker, alone or in conjunction with creatinine to aid in the diagnosis of renal conditions such as acute tubular necrosis and acute renal failure, and a method and a kit for assigning a diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis or acute renal failure to a subject based on the correlation between the levels of NGAL and optionally creatinine in a sample obtained from a subject when compared to a sample obtained from a normal subject not experiencing acute tubular necrosis or acute renal failure.

Abstract: A method and kit for detecting the early onset of renal tubular cell injury, utilizing NGAL as an early urinary biomarker. NGAL is a small secreted polypeptide that is protease resistant and consequently readily detected in the urine following renal tubule cell injury. NGAL protein expression is detected predominantly in proximal tubule cells, in a punctate cytoplasmic distribution reminiscent of a secreted protein. The appearance of NGAL in the urine is related to the dose and duration of renal ischemia and nephrotoxemia, and is diagnostic of renal tubule cell injury and renal failure. NGAL detection is also a useful marker for monitoring the nephrotoxic side effects of drugs or other therapeutic agents.

Abstract: A method and kit for detecting the early onset of renal tubular cell injury, utilizing NGAL as an early urinary biomarker. NGAL is a small secreted polypeptide that is protease resistant and consequently readily detected in the urine following renal tubule cell injury. NGAL protein expression is detected predominantly in proximal tubule cells, in a punctate cytoplasmic distribution reminiscent of a secreted protein. The appearance of NGAL in the urine is related to the dose and duration of renal ischemia and nephrotoxemia, and is diagnostic of renal tubule cell injury and renal failure. NGAL detection is also a useful marker for monitoring the nephrotoxic side effects of drugs or other therapeutic agents.