Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for simulation of a circuit design using a set of primary signals captured by a hardware emulation system. In preparation for simulation, the circuit design is divided into partitions that are substantially uniform in size. Sequential dependencies are then identified based on signals that cross partitions. The set of primary signals includes signals that, when provided as input to the simulation, break the sequential dependencies such that each partition can be simulated independently. Techniques for determining which signals to include in the set of primary signals are also disclosed. The hardware emulation system is configured to capture values of the primary signals as part of emulating the circuit design. Afterwards, the simulation is performed using the captured values. During the simulation, non-primary signals are reconstructed using values obtained from simulating each partition independently.

Abstract: A method for determining a sparse memory size during emulation, the method including: determining, by a profiler memory coupled to a user memory, that one or more pages of the user memory are used by a first test sequence of a testbench during the emulation; identifying, by the profiler memory, a first set of indexes of the one or more pages of the user memory used by the first test sequence; determining a number of unique pages of the user memory that are used by the first test sequence for the emulation based on the first set of indexes; determining, by a processor, the sparse memory size for the user memory based on the number of unique pages of the user memory that are used by the testbench for the emulation and a page size of the user memory.

Abstract: A method includes receiving parameters of each server of a plurality of servers. The parameters of each server are converted from classical to quantum bits. A final quantum state is determined based on a first converted parameter of each server. First intermediate weights of the servers are determined based on the final quantum state. (a) A subsequent final quantum state is determined based on current intermediate weights and a subsequent converted parameter of each server. (b) Subsequent intermediate weights of the servers are determined based on the subsequent final quantum state. Operations (a) and (b) are repeated until all converted parameters of each server are considered and final weights of the servers are determined. The final weights are converted from quantum to classical bits to determine converted weights. Statuses of the servers are determined based on the converted weights. The servers are grouped into server clusters based on the statuses.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for simulation of a circuit design using a set of primary signals captured by a hardware emulation system. In preparation for simulation, the circuit design is divided into partitions that are substantially uniform in size. Sequential dependencies are then identified based on signals that cross partitions. The set of primary signals includes signals that, when provided as input to the simulation, break the sequential dependencies such that each partition can be simulated independently. Techniques for determining which signals to include in the set of primary signals are also disclosed. The hardware emulation system is configured to capture values of the primary signals as part of emulating the circuit design. Afterwards, the simulation is performed using the captured values. During the simulation, non-primary signals are reconstructed using values obtained from simulating each partition independently.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a soot load estimating function for a diesel particulate filter uses radio frequency attenuation measurement and temperature measurements. The method comprises identifying a minimum mean attenuation value associated with a standard deviation that exceeds a standard deviation threshold and using this minimum mean attenuation value as a reference value. The method further comprises using a data library that contains gradient values for each of a range of possible temperature values to obtain a first gradient value, the first gradient value corresponding to the first temperature value, wherein each gradient value relates to the gradient of a linear approximation between mean attenuation and soot load at the corresponding temperature. The method involves using the reference value and the first gradient value to determine an axis intercept value for use as an offset value and adopting the offset value as a temperature-independent calibration value for the diesel particulate filter.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a soot load estimating function for a diesel particulate filter uses radio frequency attenuation measurement and temperature measurements. The method comprises identifying a minimum mean attenuation value associated with a standard deviation that exceeds a standard deviation threshold and using this minimum mean attenuation value as a reference value. The method further comprises using a data library that contains gradient values for each of a range of possible temperature values to obtain a first gradient value, the first gradient value corresponding to the first temperature value, wherein each gradient value relates to the gradient of a linear approximation between mean attenuation and soot load at the corresponding temperature. The method involves using the reference value and the first gradient value to determine an axis intercept value for use as an offset value and adopting the offset value as a temperature-independent calibration value for the diesel particulate filter.

Abstract: The exhaust gas system includes a catalytic converter having an inlet and an outlet, a primary exhaust pipe, an exhaust nozzle and a secondary exhaust pipe. The primary exhaust pipe includes a proximate end and a distal end. The primary exhaust pipe may be affixed to the outlet of the catalytic converter at the proximate end of the primary exhaust pipe. The secondary exhaust pipe may be coupled to the distal end of the primary exhaust pipe via the exhaust nozzle. The exhaust nozzle includes a body region which is integral to a frustoconical defined region. The body region of the exhaust nozzle may be engaged to the distal end of the primary exhaust pipe. The frustoconical defined region of the exhaust nozzle may be engaged to the secondary exhaust pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system includes a selective catalytic reduction device (SCR); a reductant injector upstream from the SCR and configured to communicate reductant into the SCR via a conduit defined by an outer periphery, a first mixer disposed within the conduit upstream from the reductant injector, and a second mixer disposed within the conduit downstream from the reductant injector and upstream from the SCR. Each of the first mixer and the second mixer comprises a plurality of blades extending between a center region of the conduit to the conduit periphery, wherein each of the blades at least partially obstructs fluid flow through the conduit and are angled relative to a cross sectional plane of the conduit such that fluid flow is permitted between adjacent blades, and the plurality of blades form a turbulence plane defined by a plane angle measured from the two outermost blades of the turbulence plane.