Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing a particle shower using a laser-driven plasma is provided. The method comprises interacting a particle shower with a processing laser-driven plasma stage, the particle shower comprising at least one particle species, wherein the laser is a high-energy, ultra-short pulse laser. In some embodiments, the method comprises accelerating, decelerating, trapping, or collimating the at least one particle species in the processing laser-drive plasma stage. Particularly, the embodiments enable generating high energy particle beams that were only possible using accelerators spanning several hundred meters, in a space of a few meters.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing a particle shower using a laser-driven plasma is provided. The method comprises interacting a particle shower with a processing laser-driven plasma stage, the particle shower comprising at least one particle species, wherein the laser is a high-energy, ultra-short pulse laser. In some embodiments, the method comprises accelerating, decelerating, trapping, or collimating the at least one particle species in the processing laser-drive plasma stage. Particularly, the embodiments enable generating high energy particle beams that were only possible using accelerators spanning several hundred meters, in a space of a few meters.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing a particle shower using a laser-driven plasma is provided. The method comprises interacting a particle shower with a processing laser-driven plasma stage, the particle shower comprising at least one particle species, wherein the laser is a high-energy, ultra-short pulse laser. In some embodiments, the method comprises accelerating, decelerating, trapping, or collimating the at least one particle species in the processing laser-drive plasma stage. Particularly, the embodiments enable generating high energy particle beams that were only possible using accelerators spanning several hundred meters, in a space of a few meters.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to process for characterization of Glatiramer acetate. The present invention further relates to process for characterization of Glatiramer acetate using size exclusion chromatography coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography (SEC-UPLC) and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The present invention further provides statistical methods for characterizing and classifying Glatiramer acetate.