Abstract: A method and apparatus of a system for efficient video transcoding based on encoder decisions extraction. In one embodiment, the method comprises removal of “Residual Data” thus extraction of “Encoding Decisions” En from coded video content Cn at resolution Sn, rate Bn that was originally constructed by decoding content C0 at resolution S0, rate B0, than scaled and encoded into content Cn. The content C0 and “Encoding Decisions” En are used by re-coder to reconstruct, perfectly if required, content Cn by utilizing “Encoding Decisions” En in the process equivalent to encoding thus producing transcoded content Cn of higher quality and with far smaller computational complexity then transcoder with full decode/encode cycle.

Abstract: A process to synchronize information transmitted from an information provider to a plurality of network elements is provided. The process determines a temporal difference between related network elements and compensates for this difference by dilating an information signal provided to at least one of the network elements to resynchronize the data presented to the network elements. The process is repeated periodically in order to maintain a desired synchronization level.

Abstract: A process to synchronize information transmitted from an information provider to a plurality of network elements is provided. The process determines a temporal difference between related network elements and compensates for this difference by dilating an information signal provided to at least one of the network elements to resynchronize the data presented to the network elements. The process is repeated periodically in order to maintain a desired synchronization level.

Abstract: A process to synchronize information transmitted from an information provider to a plurality of network elements is provided. The process determines a temporal difference between related network elements and compensates for this difference by dilating an information signal provided to at least one of the network elements to resynchronize the data presented to the network elements. The process is repeated periodically in order to maintain a desired synchronization level.

Abstract: In a motor system controlled by a central processing unit, an observer-compensator is provided which modifies the command signal being applied to the actual motor system to be controlled. The observer-compensator comprises in the observer portion, a simulated ideal motor system without disturbance forces. The velocity output of the simulated ideal motor system is compared to the velocity output of the actual system to produce a velocity error signal (Verr). A feedback compensator in the simulated ideal motor system is adjusted to compensate for the velocity error signal without disturbance forces.After disturbance forces are introduced into the actual motor system, a comparison of the output of the actual motor system with the output of the simulated ideal motor system produces a position error signal (P.sub.D --P.sub.A) which is applied to the compensator portion of the observer-compensator. The compensator portion comprises a disturbance reconstruction device which is coupled to the position error signal.