Abstract: Systems and methods for treating cognitive dysfunction are disclosed. The system can include a sound source, a light source, an input device, and a neural stimulation system that retrieves or selects a stimulation profile. The stimulation profile can include one or more musical pieces for playback and one or more rhythmic stimulation patterns having variable parameters, and time-varying signal properties that can be tuned to music. The system can select the signal properties of rhythmic stimulation based on analysis of the music, measure the physiological condition of the subject, and further adjust the rhythmic stimulation based on neural responses. The neural stimulation system can play back the selected musical pieces to direct sound toward the ear, or respond to ambient musical sounds detected by a microphone, and set the values of the variable parameters and properties of the rhythmic pattern, construct an output signal, and provide an output signal.