Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a reference signal notification method, including: sending, by a network device, a reference signal notification message, where the reference signal notification message includes time resource information of a reference signal. According to the embodiments of the present invention, the reference signal notification message in the present invention is used to notify UE of a reference signal configuration, especially information about a CSI-RS, so that the network device can flexibly provide a reference signal, especially a CSI-RS, and the UE can more effectively receive the reference signal, especially the CSI-RS.

Abstract: Example beam training methods and apparatus are described. In one example method, a first terminal apparatus sends a first message to a second terminal apparatus, where the first message includes a request for a first list, the first list includes an identifier of at least one sidelink synchronization signal, and the at least one sidelink synchronization signal is a sidelink synchronization signal that is not used by the second terminal apparatus within a preset time range and/or that is not used by another terminal apparatus within an area in which the second terminal apparatus is located. The first terminal apparatus receives a second message from the second terminal apparatus, where the second message includes the first list. A first sidelink synchronization signal is determined based on the identifier of the at least one sidelink synchronization signal in the first list. The first sidelink synchronization signal is used for beam training.

Abstract: A method for indicating a frame structure, a method for updating a frame structure, and related devices are provided. The method for indicating a frame structure, performed by a first device, includes: determining a first frame structure based on user data to be transmitted; and when the first frame structure is different from a second frame structure corresponding to a second device, sending indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate the first frame structure.

Abstract: A first terminal apparatus sends K2 first reference signals to a second terminal apparatus in K1 directions. The first terminal apparatus determines that beams in the K1 directions all fail for N1 consecutive times. The first terminal apparatus sends P2 second reference signals to the second terminal apparatus in P1 directions. The first terminal apparatus determines, based on measurement results that are of the P2 second reference signals and that are from the second terminal apparatus, whether P1 beams corresponding to the P1 directions are available.

Abstract: This application provides a channel measurement method and an apparatus, which may be used in a field such as vehicle-to-everything V2X, smart internet of vehicles, autonomous driving, or an unmanned driving. In a sidelink channel report procedure, a transmit end apparatus for sidelink communication indicates one or more candidate time intervals to a receive end apparatus. The receive end apparatus may attempt to obtain an available PSSCH for sending a channel measurement report on one or more time domain resources corresponding to the one or more candidate time intervals.

Abstract: According to the method and the apparatus, a first device generates a first synchronization sequence and/or a second synchronization sequence, where the first synchronization sequence is different from any sequence of a third synchronization sequence set, and/or the second synchronization sequence is different from any sequence of a fourth synchronization sequence set. The method and the apparatus may be applied to V2X, LTE-V, V2V, an internet of vehicles, MTC, the IoT, LTE-M, M2M, the internet of things, and the like.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a reference signal notification method, including: sending, by a network device, a reference signal notification message, where the reference signal notification message includes time resource information of a reference signal. According to the embodiments of the present invention, the reference signal notification message in the present invention is used to notify UE of a reference signal configuration, especially information about a CSI-RS, so that the network device can flexibly provide a reference signal, especially a CSI-RS, and the UE can more effectively receive the reference signal, especially the CSI-RS.

Abstract: An interference measurement method includes receiving, by a receiving side, a signal. The signal includes a second pilot sent by an interference sending side, and the interference sending side is an interference source when the receiving side performs receiving measurement on a first pilot of a sending side; and performing, by the receiving side, interference measurement on the interference sending side. The interference measurement includes measurement of the second pilot, and both the receiving side and the sending side use an OTFS system.

Abstract: A method includes: A first terminal device generates a sidelink synchronization signal block and sends the sidelink synchronization signal block to a second terminal device, where the sidelink synchronization signal block includes a PSBCH, an SPSS, and an SSSS, where the PSBCH includes M OFDM symbols in time domain, the PSBCH includes a DMRS, the DMRS includes K OFDM symbols of the M OFDM symbols in time domain, and the DMRS is mapped at an interval of n?1 subcarriers in frequency domain; and the SPSS or the SSSS includes 2 OFDM symbols in time domain, and the PSBCH, the SPSS and the SSSS includes N RBs in frequency domain; includes N RBs in frequency domain.

Abstract: Systems and processes for packing complementary articles of footwear into a container are disclosed. The processes can include utilizing a reusable packing sheet positioned underneath complementary articles of footwear to transfer the complementary articles of footwear into a container. The processes can also include removing the reusable packing sheet from underneath the complementary articles of footwear while the complementary articles of footwear remain positioned in the container. Additional processes can include aligning and sizing complementary articles of footwear for packing in a container.

Abstract: An information mapping method includes mapping, by a transmitting end device, first information to second information on a delay-Doppler frame. The delay-Doppler frame includes M×N grids, M is the total number of delay indexes, N is the total number of Doppler indexes. The delay-Doppler frame includes at least two subframes, and each subframe includes a first guard interval portion, a first mapping portion, and two second mapping portions. The two second mapping portions occupy grids corresponding to kmax Doppler indexes at a head and a tail of the subframe in a Doppler direction, and the first mapping portion occupies grids corresponding to (N/G?2kmax) Doppler indexes of the subframe; G being the number of subframes in the delay-Doppler frame. Information mapped to second mapping portions at heads of different subframes is the same, and information mapped to second mapping portions at tails of different subframes is the same.

Abstract: A spectrum spreading method and apparatus, a communication device, and a readable storage medium are provided. The spectrum spreading method includes: obtaining a modulation symbol mapped to a transform domain; and performing, based on a target spectrum spreading code, spectrum spreading on the modulation symbol in the transform domain, to obtain a symbol subjected to spectrum spreading.

Abstract: A system of monitoring vibration of a blasting model test for a jointed rock mass and a method are provided. The system includes: a loading subsystem for three-way load, a model-surface blasting-vibration acquisition subsystem, and a model-interior dynamic stress-strain acquisition subsystem. The system and the method are provided, and a blasting model for a transparent jointed rock mass and a monitoring method that are obtained can analyze the influence of a joint inclination angle on propagation and attenuation laws of blasting stress waves in the jointed rock mass, and can analyze the influence of different millisecond blasting modes on the stability of an existing tunnel in the jointed rock mass, and can capture a real-time dynamic evolution process of cracks. The stress and strain measurement technologies used can perform omnibearing monitoring and recording for large deformations of surrounding rock under blasting load, and can resist the electromagnetic interference.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a reference signal measurement method. The method includes: obtaining, by a first terminal device, measurement configuration information; sending, by the first terminal device, the measurement configuration information to a second terminal device, where the measurement configuration information is used to indicate the second terminal device to measure, based on the measurement configuration information, a reference signal received by the second terminal device from the first terminal device, to obtain a measurement result of the reference signal; sending, by the first terminal device, the reference signal to the second terminal device; and receiving, by the first terminal device, the measurement result that is of the reference signal and that is sent by the second terminal device.

Abstract: This application provides a synchronization signal sending method and a communications device, and provides a synchronization signal receiving method in V2X sidelink transmission communication. A complementary sidelink synchronization signal is sent in a time interval for sending synchronization signal burst sets, and is generated by using a sidelink synchronization identification of a first communications device. The complementary sidelink synchronization signal may be flexibly configured in a data frame following a synchronization signal frame, and may be sent together with sidelink control information or sidelink data. In addition, sending or skipping sending the complementary sidelink synchronization signal is optional. As a supplement to a sidelink synchronization signal, the complementary sidelink synchronization signal occupies a few resources and is sent at high frequency. Therefore, synchronization reliability can be improved when a vehicle moves fast.

Abstract: A signal transmission method includes converting, by a first communication device, a first signal into a time-frequency domain to obtain a second signal; and performing, by the first communication device, windowing on the second signal in the time-frequency domain. The first communication device includes a transmit end of the first signal and/or a receive end of the first signal. In a case that the first communication device is the transmit end, the first signal is a signal in a delay-Doppler domain, and the second signal obtained through windowing is used for being converted from the time-frequency domain to a time domain. In a case that the first communication device is the receive end, the first signal is a signal in the time domain, and the second signal obtained through windowing is used for being converted from the time-frequency domain to the delay-Doppler domain.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a pilot includes determining, by a transmit end, a transmitting parameter of the pilot; and transmitting, by the transmit end, the pilot based on the transmitting parameter. The transmitting parameter includes at least one of transmitting power or a guard interval, the transmitting parameter is determined based on first parameters, and the first parameters include a delay, Doppler, and channel quality.

Abstract: Example reference signal notification methods and apparatus are described. One example method includes sending a reference signal notification message by a network device, where the reference signal notification message includes time resource information of a reference signal. According to the embodiments of the present specification, the reference signal notification message is used to notify user equipment (UE) of a reference signal configuration, especially information about a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

Abstract: Embodiments of this application relate to the communication field, and provide a synchronization signal block transmission method and an apparatus. The method includes: A first terminal device generates a sidelink synchronization signal block and sends the sidelink synchronization signal block to a second terminal device, where the sidelink synchronization signal block includes a PSBCH, an SPSS, and an SSSS, where the PSBCH includes M OFDM symbols in time domain, the PSBCH includes a DMRS, the DMRS includes K OFDM symbols of the M OFDM symbols in time domain, and the DMRS is mapped at an interval of n?1 subcarriers in frequency domain; and the SPSS or the SSSS includes 2 OFDM symbols in time domain, and the PSBCH, the SPSS and the SSSS includes N RBs in frequency domain; includes N RBs in frequency domain.

Abstract: A signal sending method includes mapping, by a transmit end, modulation symbols in delay-time domain to obtain a first delay-time domain symbol matrix; and performing, by the transmit end, first preset processing on the first delay-time domain symbol matrix to obtain a time domain sampling point, and sending the time domain sampling point after pulse shaping.