Abstract: Compositions and methods of using of such compositions to, for example, inhibit of the formation of gas hydrate agglomerates are provided. In one embodiment, the methods comprise: introducing a hydrate inhibitor composition comprising a compound into a fluid, wherein the compound comprises two hydrophobic cation moieties, a lipophilic tail, and two linking moieties.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using of such compositions to, for example, inhibit of the formation of gas hydrate agglomerates are provided. In one embodiment, the methods comprise: introducing hydrate inhibitor composition comprising a compound into a fluid, wherein the compound comprises a hydrophobic cation moiety, one or more lipophilic tails, and a linking moiety.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a comb polymer or a salt thereof, wherein the structural formula of the comb polymer containing the following constitutional units. When the comb polymer provided in the present disclosure is used in a water-based drilling fluid as a filtration control agent, it can eliminate the defects of conventional filtration control agents which would be subject to ineffectiveness under high temperature and high salinity conditions. The comb polymer has high temperature and salt resistance, and can be produced through simple processes at comparatively low costs. When the comb polymer provided by the present disclosure is used as a filtration control agent, even being added into the drilling fluid at a comparatively low amount, it can still present rather good effects in lowering the amount of filter loss.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a comb polymer or a salt thereof, wherein the structural formula of the comb polymer containing the following constitutional units. When the comb polymer provided in the present disclosure is used in a water-based drilling fluid as a filtration control agent, it can eliminate the defects of conventional filtration control agents which would be subject to ineffectiveness under high temperature and high salinity conditions. The comb polymer has high temperature and salt resistance, and can be produced through simple processes at comparatively low costs. When the comb polymer provided by the present disclosure is used as a filtration control agent, even being added into the drilling fluid at a comparatively low amount, it can still present rather good effects in lowering the amount of filter loss.

Abstract: A digital camera and a method for manually focusing the digital camera are disclosed. The digital camera includes an image sensing unit, a buffer memory unit, an image processing unit, and an image display unit. The image sensing unit senses a signal and produces a full-view area image and a focus-view area image. The image sensing unit selectively outputs the full-view area image and the focus-view area image to the buffer memory unit. When the image sensing unit outputs the focus-view area image to the buffer memory unit, the buffer memory unit outputs the focus-view area image to the image display unit for manual focusing operation by users.

Abstract: An image pick-up apparatus includes an object lens, an image transmission device, and an image-sensing device. The object lens projects an image of an object to be picked-up. The image transmission device has an image-receiving side disposed to receive the image projected by the object lens, an image output side, and an image-transmitting portion coupled optically with the image-receiving side and the image output side. The image-receiving side has a curvature corresponding to curvature-of-field characteristics of the object lens so as to enable correction of aberrations introduced by the object lens into the image projected by the object lens. The image-sensing device is coupled optically with the image output side of the image transmission device for sensing a corrected image of the object to be picked-up that is provided by the image transmission device at the image output side.

Abstract: An image pick-up apparatus includes an object lens, an image transmission device, and an image-sensing device. The object lens projects an image of an object to be picked-up. The image transmission device has an image-receiving side disposed to receive the image projected by the object lens, an image output side, and an image-transmitting portion coupled optically with the image-receiving side and the image output side. The image-receiving side has a curvature corresponding to curvature-of-field characteristics of the object lens so as to enable correction of aberrations introduced by the object lens into the image projected by the object lens. The image-sensing device is coupled optically with the image output side of the image transmission device for sensing a corrected image of the object to be picked-up that is provided by the image transmission device at the image output side.

Abstract: A digital camera and a method for manually focusing the digital camera are disclosed. The digital camera includes an image sensing unit, a buffer memory unit, an image processing unit, and an image display unit. The image sensing unit senses a signal and produces a full-view area image and a focus-view area image. The image sensing unit selectively outputs the full-view area image and the focus-view area image to the buffer memory unit. When the image sensing unit outputs the focus-view area image to the buffer memory unit, the buffer memory unit outputs the focus-view area image to the image display unit for manual focusing operation by users.