Abstract: In some embodiments of the present invention, a method of reducing artifacts includes obtaining OCT/OCTA data from an OCT/OCTA imager; preprocessing OCTA/OCT volume data; extracting features from the preprocessed OCTA/OCT volume data; classifying the OCTA/OCT volume data to provide a probability determination data; determining a percentage data from the probability data determination; and reducing artifacts in response to the percentage data.

Abstract: In some embodiments of the present invention, a method of reducing artifacts includes obtaining OCT/OCTA data from an OCT/OCTA imager; preprocessing OCTA/OCT volume data; extracting features from the preprocessed OCTA/OCT volume data; classifying the OCTA/OCT volume data to provide a probability determination data; determining a percentage data from the probability data determination; and reducing artifacts in response to the percentage data.

Abstract: In accordance with some embodiments, a method of eye examination includes acquiring OCT data with a scan pattern centered on an eye cornea that includes n radial scans repeated r times, c circular scans repeated r times, and n* raster scans where the scan pattern is repeated m times, where each scan includes a A-scans, and where n is an integer that is 0 or greater, r is an integer that is 1 or greater, c is an integer that is 0 or greater, n* is an integer that is 0 or greater, m is an integer that is 1 or greater, and a is an integer greater than 1, the values of n, r, c, n*, and m being chosen to provide OCT data for a target measurement, and processing the OCT data to obtain the target measurement.

Abstract: In accordance with some embodiments, a method of eye examination includes acquiring OCT data with a scan pattern centered on an eye cornea that includes n radial scans repeated r times, c circular scans repeated r times, and n* raster scans where the scan pattern is repeated m times, where each scan includes a A-scans, and where n is an integer that is 0 or greater, r is an integer that is 1 or greater, c is an integer that is 0 or greater, n* is an integer that is 0 or greater, m is an integer that is 1 or greater, and a is an integer greater than 1, the values of n, r, c, n*, and m being chosen to provide OCT data for a target measurement, and processing the OCT data to obtain the target measurement.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to combinatorial analyses of data from two or more diagnostic tests for the detection of eye diseases, simplified interpretation of test results, and assessment of disease stage and rate of change. Of particular interest is to develop combinatorial analyses to improve glaucoma detection and progression rate assessment based on combinations of structural and functional tests. More specifically, approaches are described where data of one or more tests and their normative database are converted to the distribution and scale of another test for further analysis to detect glaucomatous damage; approaches are also described where data of more than one tests are used to assess stage index and rate of change; in addition, methods for displaying the combinatorial analysis results are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the detection of statistically significant changes in tissue characteristics within the eye. Change in a tissue characteristic is statistically significant when the magnitude of the change exceeds the test-retest measurement variability. One embodiment of the present invention analyzes the data using more than one statistic in order to capture global, regional, and/or local changes that are essential to clinical interpretation of changes in a tissue characteristic. In one embodiment of the present invention, the tissue characteristic tested is RNFL thickness.

Abstract: A scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) system that measures retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) retardance in a single scan image with improved sensitivity. An external bias retarder in combination with the anterior segment retardance forms a nonzero joint retardance adapted to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the SLP system. With such a simple bias retarder, the effects of anterior segment retardance (?C, ?C) may be removed from a single polarimetric image of the retina without a direct cancellation by a variable corneal compensator (VCC) by the method of this invention. Using a single polarimetric image is particularly advantageous for simplicity and accurate corneal compensation. The simple bias retarder may be embodied as a VCC or any useful external retarder, for example.

Abstract: A scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) system that measures in vivo retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) retardance (?N, ?N) in a single measurement without a variable corneal compensator (VCC). The diagnostic signal is biased so that the detected RNFL retardance orientation angles are sufficiently similar at adjacent pixels in the retinal polarimetric image to permit resolution of the orientation angle ambiguity in a single polarimetric image without repeating the measurement at another signal polarization state. With a simple bias retarder, the effects of anterior segment retardance (?C, ?C) can be removed from a single polarimetric image of the retina without a VCC. Alternatively, from two single polarimetric images obtained at two different bias retarder positions, the anterior segment retardance magnitude ?C and orientation ?C and the RNFL retardance magnitude ?N and orientation ?N can all be determined from the peripapillary RNFL image region alone.

Abstract: A system for the in vivo detection of the effects of AD in the interior of an eye. A scanning polarimeter, including a residual retardance canceling system and an improved anterior segment retardance compensator, produces an optical analysis signal representing the birefringence of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) structures of the eye. The birefringence data is more accurate because of compensation for anterior segment birefringence and residual birefringence of optical components, such as, for example, the beam splitters, lenses, scanners and retarders. An electrical analysis signal representing a large (20 by 40 degrees) retardance map is produced and evaluated by an artificial neural network to produce an analysis classification signal representing the contribution of Alzheimer's disease to the birefringence of the retinal layer corresponding to the relationship of the electrical analysis signal to an analysis signal database.

Abstract: A scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) system that measures retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) retardance in a single scan image with improved sensitivity. An external bias retarder in combination with the anterior segment retardance forms a nonzero joint retardance adapted to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the SLP system. With such a simple bias retarder, the effects of anterior segment retardance (?C, ?C) may be removed from a single polarimetric image of the retina without a direct cancellation by a variable corneal compensator (VCC) by the method of this invention. Using a single polarimetric image is particularly advantageous for simplicity and accurate corneal compensation. The simple bias retarder may be embodied as a VCC or any useful external retarder, for example.

Abstract: A system for the in vivo detection of the effects of AD in the interior of an eye. A scanning polarimeter, including a residual retardance canceling system and an improved anterior segment retardance compensator, produces an optical analysis signal representing the birefringence of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) structures of the eye. The birefringence data is more accurate because of compensation for anterior segment birefringence and residual birefringence of optical components, such as, for example, the beam splitters, lenses, scanners and retarders. An electrical analysis signal representing a large (20 by 40 degrees) retardance map is produced and evaluated by an artificial neural network to produce an analysis classification signal representing the contribution of Alzheimer's disease to the birefringence of the retinal layer corresponding to the relationship of the electrical analysis signal to an analysis signal database.

Abstract: A scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) system that measures in vivo retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) retardance (&dgr;N, &thgr;N) in a single measurement without a variable corneal compensator (VCC). The diagnostic signal is biased so that the detected RNFL retardance orientation angles are sufficiently similar at adjacent pixels in the retinal polarimetric image to permit resolution of the orientation angle ambiguity in a single polarimetric image without repeating the measurement at another signal polarization state. With a simple bias retarder, the effects of anterior segment retardance (&dgr;C, &thgr;C) can be removed from a single polarimetric image of the retina without a VCC. Alternatively, from two single polarimetric images obtained at two different bias retarder positions, the anterior segment retardance magnitude &dgr;C and orientation &thgr;C and the RNFL retardance magnitude &dgr;N and orientation &thgr;N can all be determined from the peripapillary RNFL image region alone.

Abstract: A polarimeter system that averages multiple retardance measurement samples to cancel the effects of system birefringence in the diagnostic path. The retardance measurement errors arising from system birefringence have a symmetry that repeats over each complete cycle of optical signal rotation cycle. This symmetry is such that averaging the four retardance measurements collected over one complete rotation cycle cancels the effects of system birefringence, leaving a mean retardance measurement free of residual polarization bias. Apparatus is provided for determining the birefringence, thickness, and fiber orientation of the nerve fiber layer at the fundus of the eye by measuring the polarization bias induced in a return beam of polarized light that is reflected at the ocular fundus from an incident beam of a known polarization state. A corneal polarization compensator cancels the birefringent effects of the cornea and other portions of the eye anterior to the fundus.

Abstract: A polarimeter system that averages multiple retardant measurement samples to cancel the effects of system birefringence in the diagnostic path. The retardant measurement errors arising from system birefringence have a symmetry that repeats over each complete cycle of optical signal rotation cycle. This symmetry is such that averaging the four retardance measurements collected over one complete rotation cycle cancels the effects of system birefringence, leaving a mean retardance measurement free of residual polarization bias. Apparatus is provided for determining the birefringence, thickness, and fiber orientation of the nerve fiber layer at the fundus of the eye by measuring the polarization bias induced in a return beam of polarized light that is reflected at the ocular fundus from an incident beam of a known polarization state. A corneal polarization compensator cancels the birefringent effects of the cornea and other portions of the eye anterior to the fundus.

Abstract: The magnitude and axial orientation of birefringence of the anterior and the posterior segments of the human eye are determined. The anterior segment includes essentially the combined birefringence of the cornea and the crystalline lens, and the posterior segment includes regions at the fundus. The optical axis and the magnitude of the birefringence of the anterior segment is first determined, then the birefringence of the posterior segment is nulled by a variable retarder. The birefringence of the posterior segment is then determined without interference of the birefringence of the anterior segment. The apparatus and method are applicable to the measurement of the birefringence of the retinal nerve fiber layer at the peripapillary region and the birefringence of the Henle fiber layer at the macular region of the retina.