Abstract: Efficient codeword synchronization methods and systems for fiber channel protocol are disclosed. The method includes identifying a codeword boundary by detecting 100-bit known patterns in a bit codeword in a transmission.

Abstract: Efficient codeword synchronization methods and systems for fiber channel protocol are disclosed. The method includes identifying a codeword boundary by detecting 100-bit known patterns in a bit codeword in a transmission.

Abstract: Efficient codeword synchronization methods and systems for fiber channel protocol are disclosed. The method includes identifying a codeword boundary by detecting 100-bit known patterns in a bit codeword in a transmission.

Abstract: Efficient codeword synchronization methods and systems for fiber channel protocol are disclosed. The method includes identifying a codeword boundary by detecting 100-bit known patterns in a bit codeword in a transmission.

Abstract: Efficient codeword synchronization methods and systems for fiber channel protocol are disclosed. The method includes identifying a codeword boundary by detecting 100-bit known patterns in a bit codeword in a transmission.

Abstract: By blocking an angular extent of an annular skimming trap used for semi-solid injection, a notable reduction in lenticular defects and porosity are observed. The blocking can be performed by a ring having dimensions to completely occlude a prior art annular skimming trap throughout the angular extent, and providing complete and/or partial flow across the ring throughout the rest of the angular extent. Preferably an outlet to the ring trap includes a chamfered edge and/or a deflector for encouraging flow of the contaminated semi-solid material into the trap.

Abstract: A holding apparatus includes a base, a clamp portion protruding from the base, a fixed clamper, and a rotatable damper. The rotatable clamper includes a fixed arm and two resisting arms extending from the fixed arm toward the fixed damper. An adjustment portion includes an angle adjusting member and a locking member. The angle adjusting member includes a base body, a depressible member protruding from the base body, two side arms protruding from opposite ends of the base body, and two resisting portions protruding from the side arms. The two resisting portions resist on the two second resisting arms. The angle adjusting member includes a hook extending from a second bottom of the base body. The locking member includes a main body and at least one locking protrusion protruding from the main body. Each locking protrusion is engagable with the hook to prevent the rotatable clamper from rotating.

Abstract: A holding apparatus includes a base, a clamp portion protruding from the base, a fixed clamper, and a rotatable damper. The rotatable clamper includes a fixed arm and two resisting arms extending from the fixed arm toward the fixed damper. An adjustment portion includes an angle adjusting member and a locking member. The angle adjusting member includes a base body, a depressible member protruding from the base body, two side arms protruding from opposite ends of the base body, and two resisting portions protruding from the side arms. The two resisting portions resist on the two second resisting arms. The angle adjusting member includes a hook extending from a second bottom of the base body. The locking member includes a main body and at least one locking protrusion protruding from the main body. Each locking protrusion is engagable with the hook to prevent the rotatable clamper from rotating.

Abstract: A push button for mounting on a shell includes a button body depressibly engaged in a through hole defined in the shell, a flexible circuit board, a rigid plate attaching to the shell and a conductive spring tab. The flexible circuit board is arranged between the a button body and the rigid plate. The flexible circuit board is brought into contact with the rigid plate. The flexible circuit board is electrically connected to a connector and includes a pair of normally-open contacts. The conductive spring tab is fixed to the flexible circuit board and aligned with the button body. The conductive spring tab is deformable. The button body is configured for being manually depressed so as to urge the conductive spring tab to deform and contact the pair of normally-open contacts, thereby generating a signal transmittable through the flexible circuit board to the connector.

Abstract: A housing assembly includes a housing, a push button, and a sealing member. The housing includes a bottom plate and a sidewall protruding from the bottom plate. The sidewall defines an opening therethrough and includes a protruding tab protruding from an inner side thereof and extending around the opening. The push button includes a button body extending through the opening and a pushing portion protruding from an inner side of the button body. The sealing member is made of elastic material and includes a first surface and an opposite, second surface. The first surface defines a receiving groove, and the protruding tab is tightly fit in the receiving groove. When the push button is pressed, the pushing portion pushes the sealing member and the sealing member is elastically deformed, thereby preventing liquid from entering the housing through a gap between the push button and the housing.

Abstract: A light guide apparatus includes a light guide and at least one LED arranged beside the light guide. The light guide includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. A scatter layer is attached on the first surface adjacent to the LED and configured to scatter light beams from the at least one LED, a reflective layer is attached on the second surface away from the LED and configured to reflect light beams from the at least one LED to the first surface. The light refracting out from the first surface achieves a homogeneous illumination effect via the diffuse of the scatter layer and the reflection of the reflective layer.

Abstract: By blocking an angular extent of an annular skimming trap used for semi-solid injection, a notable reduction in lenticular defects and porosity are observed. The blocking can be performed by a ring having dimensions to completely occlude a prior art annular skimming trap throughout the angular extent, and providing complete and/or partial flow across the ring throughout the rest of the angular extent. Preferably an outlet to the ring trap includes a chamfered edge and/or a deflector for encouraging flow of the contaminated semi-solid material into the trap.

Abstract: A disassembling device includes a plate, a number of suction cups, a number of fasteners, and a number of rods. The suction cups and the fasteners are respectively disposed at opposite sides of the plate to the fasteners. The plate includes a number of through holes. Each of the rods is fixed to one of the suction cups, the rods extend through the respective through holes, and is connected to the respective fasteners.

Abstract: A push button for mounting on a shell includes a button body depressibly engaged in a through hole defined in the shell, a flexible circuit board, a rigid plate attaching to the shell and a conductive spring tab. The flexible circuit board is arranged between the a button body and the rigid plate. The flexible circuit board is brought into contact with the rigid plate. The flexible circuit board is electrically connected to a connector and includes a pair of normally-open contacts. The conductive spring tab is fixed to the flexible circuit board and aligned with the button body. The conductive spring tab is deformable. The button body is configured for being manually depressed so as to urge the conductive spring tab to deform and contact the pair of normally-open contacts, thereby generating a signal transmittable through the flexible circuit board to the connector.

Abstract: A semi-solid metal alloy injection feed system for reduced inclusion injection molding comprises a substantially closed injection chamber for containing a billet of semi-solid metal alloy, and thrusting the billet through the injection chamber into a mold, wherein the injection chamber has a first section defined by a wall with an inner contour for mating with a bearing surface for reciprocating motion of the bearing surface within the first section, along a center axis of the injection chamber; and the injection chamber has an outlet in fluid communication with the mold, the outlet provided at an opening in the injection chamber that is offset with respect to the center axis, and is disposed at an angle of 90° to 125° from the center axis. There is no neck or throttling between the chamber and the outlet. A butt end trap is preferably formed that requires inclusions that are principally on a bottom side of the injector to travel a relatively long ways to enter the outlet.

Abstract: A control circuit of an LED lamp includes a voltage regulator, at least a photo resistor and a feedback circuit. The voltage regulator includes an output terminal and a feedback terminal. The feedback circuit includes an amplifier having a first input end, a second input end and an output end. The LED lamp is connected between the first input end of the amplifier and the output terminal of the voltage regulator. The at least a photo resistor can sense a change of brightness level of an environment surrounding the LED lamp and a resistance of the at least a photo resistor increases along with a decrease of the brightness level. The change of resistance of the photo resistor is fed back to the voltage regulator via the amplifier, to thereby control an electric current flowing through the LED lamp.

Abstract: An LED illumination system includes an LED lamp, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a control circuit. The LED lamp includes an LED string which has a plurality of LEDs connected in series. The voltage stabilizing circuit connects the LED lamp for supplying an electric current to the LED string. The control circuit includes an MCU and a MOSFET connected between the MCU and the LED string. The MCU detects the electric current flowing through the LED string and outputs a PWM signal which has a frequency within a range from 60 Hz to 500 Hz to the MOSFET. The MOSFET receives the PWM signal from the MCU and turns on and off repeatedly under a control of the PWM signal, to make a flicker frequency of the LEDs of the LED string be within a predetermined range.

Abstract: Controller scaling and parameterization are described. Techniques that can be improved by employing the scaling and parameterization include, but are not limited to, controller design, tuning and optimization. The scaling and parameterization methods described here apply to transfer function based controllers, including PID controllers. The parameterization methods also apply to state feedback and state observer based controllers, as well as linear active disturbance rejection (ADRC) controllers. Parameterization simplifies the use of ADRC. A discrete extended state observer (DESO) and a generalized extended state observer (GESO) are described. They improve the performance of the ESO and therefore ADRC. A tracking control algorithm is also described that improves the performance of the ADRC controller. A general algorithm is described for applying ADRC to multi-input multi-output systems. Several specific applications of the control systems and processes are disclosed.

Abstract: By blocking an angular extent of an annular skimming trap used for semi-solid injection, a notable reduction in lenticular defects and porosity are observed. The blocking can be performed by a ring having dimensions to completely occlude a prior art annular skimming trap throughout the angular extent, and providing complete and/or partial flow across the ring throughout the rest of the angular extent. Preferably an outlet to the ring trap includes a chamfered edge and/or a deflector for encouraging flow of the contaminated semi-solid material into the trap.

Abstract: An LED illumination system includes an LED lamp, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a control circuit. The LED lamp includes an LED string which has a plurality of LEDs connected in series. The voltage stabilizing circuit connects the LED lamp for supplying an electric current to the LED string. The control circuit includes an MCU and a MOSFET connected between the MCU and the LED string. The MCU detects the electric current flowing through the LED string and outputs a PWM signal which has a frequency within a range from 60 Hz to 500 Hz to the MOSFET. The MOSFET receives the PWM signal from the MCU and turns on and off repeatedly under a control of the PWM signal, to make a flicker frequency of the LEDs of the LED string be within a predetermined range.