Abstract: Various systems and methods of monitoring laser safety by sensing contact of the system with a sample are provided. The system includes a focusing element for focusing an incident light from a laser light source onto a sample, an optical element having a collection zone for collecting a signal from the sample, a reflected light sensor for sensing a reflected light from the sample, wherein the reflected light sensor is located outside the collection zone of the optical element and on an inner surface of a housing of the system, an electrical circuit operably connected to the reflected light sensor and the laser light source and configured to control power to the laser light source in accordance with the reflected light sensed by the reflected light sensor and a spectral analyzer for processing the signal. Methods and other systems are also described and illustrated.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for navigating through information associated with physical objects or locations. During operation, the system detects a multi-resolution visual code placed on or in the vicinity of a physical object or location. The system then determines a level of resolution for the detected code, and decodes the code at the determined level of resolution to obtain the information. Subsequently, the system presents the information to a user, thereby allowing the user to navigate through information associated with the physical object or location.

Abstract: A method for specifying utility in an information delivery system having data sources and receiving nodes includes specifying utility for a set of possible information delivery patterns of data samples, where the specification of the utility depends on characteristics of delivery patterns observed by a receiving node, if any, located at a specified location.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for allowing a first user to view a collaboratively annotated electronic document. During operation, the system identifies a set of users based on the similarities of online behavior between the identified users and the first user. The system further ranks the identified users based on degrees of similarities between these users and the first user. The system then retrieves an electronic document selected for viewing by the first user and determines whether at least one of the identified users has annotated the electronic document. Based on the determination, the system augments the electronic document with annotations from the identified user and displays the annotated electronic document to the first user.

Abstract: A system and method for determining characteristics of a physical environment with simple motion patterns are provided. A plurality of raw orientation readings are received from a simple motion pattern. A distribution of possible wall orientations upon each raw reading is determined. Wall direction is determined as the mean value of the distribution.

Abstract: A method of transmitting data includes determining how much data is desired to be transmitted from a data source. A utility function is used to determine a pattern of microutilities to be associated with data samples from the data source. The pattern of microutilities specifies a pattern of data delivery to at least one predetermined location relative to the data source. The data samples are propagated according to the pattern of microutilities.

Abstract: A system and method for rideshare security is provided. A rideshare participant device is made available to at least one rideshare participant during a rideshare. A security check is triggered while the rideshare is in progress. An action is performed based on the security check. Security information regarding the rideshare participant device is gathered and analyzed for inconsistencies. A security response provider is contacted when the inconsistency is identified.

Abstract: A method of disseminating information in system having data sources and data recipients includes receiving a generic utility function at a data source for information to be delivered to a data recipient based upon an application for which the information is to be used. Data related to an environment in which the information is to be propagated is used to modify the generic utility function.

Abstract: A system and method for financing a rideshare system is provided. A rideshare transaction is arranged. Potential participants are identified for the rideshare transaction. Two or more of the potential participants are matched for inclusion in the rideshare transaction. Revenue is derived through an offering of insurance coverage for the arranged rideshare transaction.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring the security of participants in a rideshare environment is provided. A rideshare transaction is monitored between two or more rideshare participants. At least one of the rideshare participants is associated with a rideshare participant device. A predetermined route for the rideshare transaction is identified. A location of the rideshare participant device is monitored. A security check is triggered when the rideshare participant device location is inconsistent with the predetermined route.

Abstract: A system and method for setting a rideshare transaction fee is provided. Data is maintained for rideshare transactions, each associated with a route. At least one rideshare transaction that travels along a particular route is identified. A number of drivers offering transportation on that particular route and a number of passengers seeking transportation on the particular route are determined. A transaction fee for the rideshare transaction along the particular route is set. The transaction fee is increased when there are more passengers seeking transportation than drivers offering transportation. The transaction fee is decreased when there are more drivers offering transportation than passengers seeking transportation.

Abstract: A system and method for determining characteristics of a physical environment with simple motion patterns are provided. A plurality of raw orientation readings are received from a simple motion pattern. A distribution of possible wall orientations upon each raw reading is determined. Wall direction is determined as the mean value of the distribution.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that performs a query-based convergecast scheduling in a convergecast network, which includes a base-station and a plurality of nodes. During operation, the system receives a convergecast tree for the convergecast network. Each node in the convergecast tree is associated with a hop-count to the base-station through a specific branch and each node can generate zero or more packets to transmit. Next, the system initializes a query from the base-station, wherein the query is successively propagated to the nodes through the branches. In response to the query, the system computes distributed-timing-information indicating a packet transmission schedule for the nodes. The system next aggregates the distributed-timing-information associated with the nodes toward the base-station through the branches. The system then forwards the aggregated distributed-timing-information to the plurality of nodes.

Abstract: A system and method for setting a rideshare transaction fee is provided. Data is maintained for rideshare transactions, each associated with a route. At least one rideshare transaction that travels along a particular route is identified. A number of drivers offering transportation on that particular route and a number of passengers seeking transportation on the particular route are determined. A transaction fee for the rideshare transaction along the particular route is set. The transaction fee is increased when there are more passengers seeking transportation than drivers offering transportation. The transaction fee is decreased when there are more drivers offering transportation than passengers seeking transportation.

Abstract: A system and method for financing a rideshare system is provided. A rideshare transaction is arranged. Potential participants are identified for the rideshare transaction. Two or more of the potential participants are matched for inclusion in the rideshare transaction. Revenue is derived through an offering of insurance coverage for the arranged rideshare transaction.

Abstract: A system and method for financial transactions in a rideshare system is provided. A rideshare environment with multiple rideshare transactions is maintained. Each rideshare transaction includes one or more participants. Bids are received from potential participants for a position in at least one of the rideshare transactions. At least one potential participant is assigned to one of the rideshare transactions based on one of the bids.

Abstract: A method and system for matching participants in a rideshare program is provided. A participant rating is identified in a rideshare environment. A rideshare participation score is generated for the identified participant. The identified participant is assigned to a rideshare transaction with at least one other participant in the rideshare program based on the rideshare participation score.

Abstract: A method of managing traffic in an ad hoc network determines local data traffic levels at a node, and uses the local data traffic levels to define a criteria. The criteria is applied to a microutility associated with the data sample to determine if the data sample should be propagated, temporarily delayed or dropped.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring the security of participants in a rideshare environment is provided. A rideshare transaction is monitored between two or more rideshare participants. At least one of the rideshare participants is associated with a rideshare participant device. A predetermined route for the rideshare transaction is identified. A location of the rideshare participant device is monitored. A security check is triggered when the rideshare participant device location is inconsistent with the predetermined route.

Abstract: A system and method for financial transactions in a rideshare system is provided. An economic demand is determined for a rideshare transaction. An economic supply is also determined for the rideshare transaction. A rideshare transaction price is set based at least in part upon the economic supply and the economic demand determined for the rideshare transaction.