Abstract: The present application provides a self-supervised learning method performed by a computer device. The method includes: performing a data enhancement on an original medical image to obtain a first enhanced image and a second enhanced image, the first enhanced image and the second enhanced image being positive samples of each other; performing feature extractions on the first enhanced image and the second enhanced image by a feature extraction model to obtain a first image feature of the first enhanced image and a second image feature of the second enhanced image; determining a model loss of the feature extraction model based on the first image feature, the second image feature, and a negative sample image feature, the negative sample image feature being an image feature corresponding to other original medical images; and training the feature extraction model based on the model loss.