Abstract: An example method includes applying a localization signal to a source electrode positioned within a conductive volume and a ground electrode at a known location. Electrical activity is sensed at a plurality of sensor electrodes distributed across an outer surface of the conductive volume. The locations of each of the sensor electrodes and the location of the ground electrode being stored in memory as part of geometry data. The electrical activity sensed at each of the sensor electrodes is stored in the memory as electrical measurement data. The method also includes computing a location of the source electrode by minimizing a difference between respective pairs of source voltages determined for the plurality of sensor electrodes. The source voltage for each of the sensor electrodes is determined based on the electrical measurement data and the geometry data.