Abstract: The invention relates to a photonic crystal four-port circulator based on the coupling of magneto-optical cavities, which comprises two same magneto-optical cavities and three waveguides which are symmetrically distributed on the periphery of each magneto-optical cavity, wherein two waveguides connected with the magneto-optical cavities respectively are in a “v-shaped” arrangement, thereby guaranteeing that waveguides which are connected with the left sides of the two magneto-optical cavities are parallel to each other and waveguides which are connected with the right sides of the two magneto-optical cavities are parallel to each other as well and achieving the high-efficiency transmission in the case of the coupling of the magneto-optical cavities.

Abstract: Taught is a photonic crystal three-port circulator, which comprises a dielectric background material and a plurality of first air columns which are symmetrically arranged in the form of triangular lattice in the dielectric background material. The photonic crystal three-port circulator also comprises a magneto-optical cavity and three waveguides, wherein the magneto-optical cavity is arranged at the center of the photonic crystal three-port circulator; the three waveguides are symmetrically distributed around the magneto-optical cavity; and each waveguide comprises a waveguide port which is arranged at the position in the waveguide far away from the magneto-optical cavity. The photonic crystal three-port circulator realizes circular light transmission in single rotational direction from any one of the waveguide ports to another next to it, has a simple and compact structure, and can be easily integrated with other photonic crystal devices.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for presenting information. For example, a trigger command is acquired; one or more first points of interest are selected based on at least information associated with the trigger command; a first zone associated with the first points of interest is acquired from an electronic map, the electronic map being divided into a plurality of second zones including the first zone; a predetermined number of third zones are acquired from the plurality of second zones, the first zone being included at a center area of the third zones; one or more first messages published in the third zones and one or more first geographic positions corresponding to the one or more first messages are acquired; and the first messages published in the third zones and the corresponding first geographic positions are presented according to certain embodiments.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for modifying control plane messages for subscriber sessions with a network device to add and/or modify discrete information elements and thereby conform the messages to different versions of mobile network specifications, including roaming protocols, executed by different mobile networks or by heterogeneous infrastructure elements within a mobile network. In some examples, an input network interface of a network device receives a roaming protocol message on an interface connecting a first support node of a first mobile network and a second support node of a second mobile network. A roaming protocol module of the network device modifies the roaming protocol message by adding or modifying a discrete information element to conform the roaming protocol message to a roaming protocol of the second mobile network. An output network interface of the network device sends the modified roaming protocol message to the second support node.

Abstract: A hand-held combination key apparatus configured to input information to an intelligent electronic apparatus is provided. Three to five key groups, which correspond to each corresponding finger of a single hand respectively, are set on one of left side and right side of a shell, each key group having two combination keys, and each combination key being the key with compound functions of touch conduction and press conduction. Various combination states of touch conduction of each combination key are used to search and pre-display characters or operational function symbols; and press conduction of each combination key is used to determine character input or operational function input. The hand-held combination key apparatus can be used in any state without limitation absolutely, such as when the user is sitting, standing, lying down and moving, other than the normal standard keyboard which needs a practicable plane to support in use, saving space.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photonic crystal magneto-optical circulator, which comprises first dielectric material columns in an air background, wherein the first dielectric material columns are arranged in the form of two-dimensional square lattice.

Abstract: A portable biosensor system includes at least one capillary tube extending longitudinally along a major axis between a proximal inlet end and a distal end. The at least one capillary tube has an interior surface coated with a capture material and forms a waveguide. At least one collimated light emitting diode is disposed proximate and perpendicular to the major axis of the at least one capillary tube and is positioned relative to the at least one capillary tube so that energy enters the at least one capillary tube from its exterior along the entire length of the at least one capillary tube to project a line of energy along substantially the entire longitudinal extent of the at least one capillary tube. A photosensor is disposed proximate the distal end of the at least one capillary tube for receiving emissive radiation therefrom. The photosensor generates an output voltage (or, optical output) representative of the emissive radiation, and a means for measuring the output voltage is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photonic crystal four-port circulator based on the coupling of magneto-optical cavities, which comprises two same magneto-optical cavities and three waveguides which are symmetrically distributed on the periphery of each magneto-optical cavity, wherein two waveguides connected with the magneto-optical cavities respectively are in a “v-shaped” arrangement, thereby guaranteeing that waveguides which are connected with the left sides of the two magneto-optical cavities are parallel to each other and waveguides which are connected with the right sides of the two magneto-optical cavities are parallel to each other as well and achieving the high-efficiency transmission in the case of the coupling of the magneto-optical cavities.

Abstract: Taught is a photonic crystal three-port circulator, which comprises a dielectric background material and a plurality of first air columns which are symmetrically arranged in the form of triangular lattice in the dielectric background material. The photonic crystal three-port circulator also comprises a magneto-optical cavity and three waveguides, wherein the magneto-optical cavity is arranged at the center of the photonic crystal three-port circulator; the three waveguides are symmetrically distributed around the magneto-optical cavity; and each waveguide comprises a waveguide port which is arranged at the position in the waveguide far away from the magneto-optical cavity. The photonic crystal three-port circulator realizes circular light transmission in single rotational direction from any one of the waveguide ports to another next to it, has a simple and compact structure, and can be easily integrated with other photonic crystal devices.

Abstract: An exemplary device for allocating revenue among providers of products that are offered together for purchase as part of a unit includes a processor that is configured to automatically determine a number of unit or offering purchases. The processor is configured to automatically issue a corresponding number of virtual shares to each of the providers. The number of virtual shares issued to each provider is based on the number of unit or offering purchases and a predetermined allocation of a number of virtual shares for each provider, respectively for each purchase. The processor is also configured to determine a value of each issued virtual share using at least one selected revenue sharing rule according to a determined schedule. A virtual share redemption module facilitates payment responsive to redemption of issued virtual shares at the determined value.

Abstract: An apparatus for feeding a fuel, in particular in the form of LPG, to an internal combustion engine includes a tank (1) for containing the fuel and elements (11) for delivering the fuel from the tank to the engine. Elements (26) are provided for allowing the fuel to flow towards the delivery elements when the delivery elements (11) are engaged in the working position and for shutting off the fuel flow towards the delivery element (11) when the delivery elements (11) are disengaged and out of the working position.

Abstract: A meeting location that is “fair” to all the participants may be selected based on at least the travel circumstances and at least two initial criteria by which an optimal meeting location will be selected, at least one of which has values that are determined for each respective one of the meeting participants using at least information derived from the travel circumstances. Note that by “fair” it is generally intended that no participant can reduce his burden without significantly increasing the burden of some other participant. The meeting location may be determined using a multi-criterial approach. A criterion in this context is a particular property of the travel pertaining to a particular user. In the multi-criterial approach, one selects a preference relation based on each of the individual criteria, and the set of non-dominated alternatives is the outcome of the optimization process.

Abstract: A method includes transmitting a list of willingness-to-pays for optical data capacities to an optical network. The optical network has a set of gateway nodes connected directly to nodes of a data network. The optical network is configured to transmit data communications on a plurality of wavelength channels. Each willingness-to-pay represents a value for an optical data capacity between a corresponding pair of the gateway nodes of the optical network.

Abstract: A communication network is configured to implement time scale separated management and provisioning optimizations, for example, in a core optical network coupled to multiple data networks. Network management optimizations are performed at respective points in time separated by intervals of a first time scale, and network provisioning optimizations are performed at respective points in time separated by intervals of a second time scale, with the intervals of the second time scale being on average substantially longer than the intervals of the first time scale. Moreover, at least a given one of the intervals of the second time scale has a length which is determined based on results of performance of one or more of the network management optimizations. The core optical network maybe configured utilizing information specified by the network management and network provisioning optimizations.

Abstract: The invention relates to a super-paramagnetic composite particle with core/shell structure, preparation method and use thereof. The composite particle is consisted of a core portion and a shell portion coated on the surface of the core portion, wherein said core portion is 10–70% by weight and said shell portion is 30–90% by weight based on the total weight of the composite particle, and said core portion is consisted of magnetic particles of Fe3O4, ?-Fe2O3 or other ferric oxides, or magnetic particles of ferrites of tervalent ferrum and bivalent manganese, nickel, zinc or copper, and the said shell portion is consisted of elementary gold or silver. The particle has an average diameter of 0.05–50 ?m. The preparation method comprises preparing the core portion magnetic particle by chemical co-precipitation and depositing gold or silver to coat the magnetic particle by chemical reduction.

Abstract: A method includes transmitting a list of willingness-to-pays for optical data capacities to an optical network. The optical network has a set of gateway nodes connected directly to nodes of a data network. The optical network is configured to transmit data communications on a plurality of wavelength channels. Each willingness-to-pay represents a value for an optical data capacity between a corresponding pair of the gateway nodes of the optical network.

Abstract: A method is provided for a dynamic optimization of network resource allocation on the part of a network service provider. In particular, the method of the invention provides an analytical framework for a determination by network service providers of an optimal resource allocation among links in a service provider's own network and links obtained from other network service providers. The analytical framework of the invention also incorporates, as a parameter, the provision of link capacity to other network service providers in the determination of an optimal resource allocation. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, such an optimal resource allocation is determined in respect to revenue maximization for the network service provider.

Abstract: An electronic sensing circuit serves for sensing a disposable sensing element. The disposable sensing element has a diode. The biological sensing circuit comprises a power control unit as a power control of the circuit; a slot for locating the disposable sensing element; a reaction section; a reference voltage unit provides different reference voltages based on the kind of the disposable sensing element to the disposable sensing element; a temperature sensing unit for measuring the temperature of an object to be sensed; a main control unit for, controlling the operation of the circuit; a display unit for displaying the measuring result; an input unit for inputting instructions; and a memory unit for storage the measuring data. The voltage has different forms determined by the main control unit or other device connected thereto. Thereby, the present invention can be used with different disposable, sensing elements with a higher precision.

Abstract: A dual-slot biological test meter test procedure includes the steps of 1) inserting a code card into the first test slot of a dual-slot biological test meter to input predetermined parameters and then inserting a test strip into the second test slot to initiate the dual-slot biological test meter, 2) entering a first state to electrically connect the two electrodes of the inserted test it is over the threshold after application of blood sample to the reaction zone of the inserted test strip, and then entering a second stage to output a voltage to the electrodes of the inserted test strip for a predetermined length of time set by the code card; 3) entering a third stage to read the current value subject to the setting of the code card when the predetermined length of time is up, and then to calculate the test result through a computing method set by the code card subject to the current value obtained, and then to show the test result on a display.

Abstract: The invention relates to a super-paramagnetic composite particle with core/shell structure, preparation method and use thereof. The composite particle is consisted of a core portion and a shell portion coated on the surface of the core portion, wherein said core portion is 10-70% by weight and said shell portion is 30-90% by weight based on the total weight of the composite particle, and said core portion is consisted of magnetic particles of Fe3O4, &ggr;-Fe2O3 or other ferric oxides, or magnetic particles of ferrites of tervalent ferrum and bivalent manganese, nickel, zinc or copper, and the said shell portion is consisted of elementary gold or silver. The particle has an average diameter of 0.05-50 &mgr;m. The preparation method comprises preparing the core portion magnetic particle by chemical co-precipitation and depositing gold or silver to coat the magnetic particle by chemical reduction.