Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a porous liquid or a porous liquid enzyme system that includes a high surface area solid and a liquid film substantially covering the high surface area solid. The porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme may be contacted with a fluid that is immiscible with the liquid film such that a liquid-fluid interface is formed. The liquid film may facilitate mass transfer of a substance or substrate across the liquid-fluid interface. The present disclosure also provides methods of performing liquid-based extractions and enzymatic reactions utilizing the porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme of the present disclosure. The present disclosure also provides methods for selecting the components of the porous liquid or a porous liquid enzyme system and methods of self-replenishing the used liquid coating.

Abstract: Embodiments of an invention disclosed herein relate to methods for performing formation evaluation of a formation or formation's surrounding to identify and characterize the abundance and morphology of non-ionic conductor grains, “c-grains”, within the formations that are evaluated by formation evaluation (FE) tools. The methods and related systems as disclosed herein are directed to correcting any existing FE logs that can be adversely affected by the presence of c-grains in the detection volume of FE tools, and/or obtaining new FE information that is unavailable by the application of existing FE methods.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a porous liquid or a porous liquid enzyme that includes a high surface area solid and a liquid film substantially covering the high surface area solid. The porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme may be contacted with a fluid that is immiscible with the liquid film such that a liquid-fluid interface is formed. The liquid film may facilitate mass transfer of a substance or substrate across the liquid-fluid interface. The present disclosure also provides methods of performing liquid-based extractions and enzymatic reactions utilizing the porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme of the present disclosure.

Abstract: A structure for use as a liquid impregnated surface (LIS) can include a surface configured to interact with a liquid to retain the liquid to the surface. The liquid can be a low viscosity hydrocarbon. In certain embodiments, the low viscosity hydrocarbon can be polyalphaolefin (PAO) or heptane, for example. Any other suitable low viscosity hydrocarbon is contemplated herein. In certain embodiments, the structure can further include the low viscosity hydrocarbon disposed on the surface.

Abstract: Embodiments of an invention disclosed herein relate to methods for performing formation evaluation of a formation or formation's surrounding to identify and characterize the abundance and morphology of non-ionic conductor grains, “c-grains”, within the formations that are evaluated by formation evaluation (FE) tools. The methods and related systems as disclosed herein are directed to correcting any existing FE logs that can be adversely affected by the presence of c-grains in the detection volume of FE tools, and/or obtaining new FE information that is unavailable by the application of existing FE methods.

Abstract: For method of utilizing a nondestructive evaluation method to inspect a steel material comprising at least one hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or at least one nonhysteretic material to identify one or more material conditions and/or one or more inhomogeneities in steel material, the method can comprise the steps of: interrogating the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material with an input time varying magnetic field; scanning the steel material and detecting a magnetic response and/or acoustic response over time from the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material; determining a time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response and/or acoustic response; and correlating the time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response and/or acoustic response to the one or more material conditions and/or one or more inhomogeneities in steel material.

Abstract: A method for determining one or more material conditions of a hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or a nonhysteretic material can include interrogating the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material with an input time varying magnetic field and detecting a magnetic response and/or acoustic response over time from the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material. The method can also include determining a time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response and/or acoustic response and correlating the time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response or acoustic response to one or more material conditions of the material.

Abstract: Methods of determining a spatial distribution of an injected tracer material within a subterranean formation are disclosed, including flowing the tracer material, which includes a tracer electrical capacitance that differs from a formation electrical capacitance of a region of the subterranean formation, into the region of the subterranean formation via a wellbore. Subsequent to the flowing, the methods also include providing an input electromagnetic signal to the region of the subterranean formation. Responsive to the providing, the methods further include receiving an output electromagnetic signal from the subterranean formation. The methods further include determining the spatial distribution of the tracer material within the subterranean formation based, at least in part, on the output electromagnetic signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a porous liquid or a porous liquid enzyme system that includes a high surface area solid and a liquid film substantially covering the high surface area solid. The porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme may be contacted with a fluid that is immiscible with the liquid film such that a liquid-fluid interface is formed. The liquid film may facilitate mass transfer of a substance or substrate across the liquid-fluid interface. The present disclosure also provides methods of performing liquid-based extractions and enzymatic reactions utilizing the porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme of the present disclosure. The present disclosure also provides methods for selecting the components of the porous liquid or a porous liquid enzyme system and methods of self-replenishing the used liquid coating.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a porous liquid or a porous liquid enzyme that includes a high surface area solid and a liquid film substantially covering the high surface area solid. The porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme may be contacted with a fluid that is immiscible with the liquid film such that a liquid-fluid interface is formed. The liquid film may facilitate mass transfer of a substance or substrate across the liquid-fluid interface. The present disclosure also provides methods of performing liquid-based extractions and enzymatic reactions utilizing the porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme of the present disclosure.

Abstract: A method for determining one or more material conditions of a hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or a nonhysteretic material can include interrogating the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material with an input time varying magnetic field and detecting a magnetic response and/or acoustic response over time from the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material. The method can also include determining a time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response and/or acoustic response and correlating the time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response or acoustic response to one or more material conditions of the material.

Abstract: For method of utilizing a nondestructive evaluation method to inspect a steel material comprising at least one hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or at least one nonhysteretic material to identify one or more material conditions and/or one or more inhomogeneities in steel material, the method can comprise the steps of: interrogating the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material with an input time varying magnetic field; scanning the steel material and detecting a magnetic response and/or acoustic response over time from the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material; determining a time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response and/or acoustic response; and correlating the time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response and/or acoustic response to the one or more material conditions and/or one or more inhomogeneities in steel material.

Abstract: Provided is a method of utilizing a nondestructive evaluation method to inspect/screen steel components (like plates), steel metal pipes, and seam welds and girth welds of the pipes to identify material phases and assess material qualities. The method includes: providing a DC magnetic field from a magnet to a steel plate, pipe, or weld composed of at least one hysteretic ferromagnetic material followed by scanning the plate, pipe, or weld and recording magnetic responses from two or more suitable sensors disposed at locations with different magnetic field strengths in the regions of interest configured to receive magnetic responses; and correlating all the said received magnetic responses to one or more material qualities and/or material phases of the plate, pipe, or weld. The one or more material qualities includes regions of higher hardness, regions of metal loss, regions of surface cracks, amount of undesirable phases, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A device for detecting one or more material qualities of a sample composed of at least one hysteretic magnetic material includes a magnet configured to provide a DC magnetic field which has a spatially varying magnetic field in at least a portion of the regions of interest, two or more suitable sensors disposed at locations with different magnetic field strengths in the regions of interest configured to receive magnetic responses. The device can also include a processor, configured to execute a method, the method comprising recording magnetic responses from two or more suitable sensors disposed at the said different locations, and correlating all the said received magnetic responses to one or more material qualities of the said sample composed of at least one hysteretic ferromagnetic material.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for a magneto-seismic exploration of a subsurface region. An electromagnetic source may transmit time-varying electromagnetic field into the subsurface region, in the presence of a static or time-varying magnetic field, such that a component of the electric field associated with the time-varying electromagnetic field is substantially parallel to an interface between two subsurface formations in the subsurface region, wherein the electric field interacts with the static or time-varying magnetic field and creates a Lorentz force in each of the subsurface formations. One or more seismic receivers may detect a seismic signal generated by a Lorentz force change at the interface between the two subsurface formations. A computer system may be programmed to process and present the detected seismic signal.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of manipulating/tailoring wettability of liquids on physically/chemically modified surfaces under multiphase conditions (i.e. >1 liquid contacting surface). In particular, methods of modifying or tuning the wettability of a surface in multiphase conditions could decelerate corrosion, modify drag in a pipe, and/or enable separation of a two-phase liquid system.

Abstract: Described herein is an integrated approach towards design of surfaces for stable wettability regimes with various liquids. The approach comprises a designing component used to calculate stable thermodynamic configurations associated with different wettability states, and an experimental component that allows for manufacturing of different surfaces with re-entrant texture features as calculated by the modeling approach.

Abstract: Methods of determining a spatial distribution of an injected tracer material within a subterranean formation are disclosed, including flowing the tracer material, which includes a tracer electrical capacitance that differs from a formation electrical capacitance of a region of the subterranean formation, into the region of the subterranean formation via a wellbore. Subsequent to the flowing, the methods also include providing an input electromagnetic signal to the region of the subterranean formation. Responsive to the providing, the methods further include receiving an output electromagnetic signal from the subterranean formation. The methods further include determining the spatial distribution of the tracer material within the subterranean formation based, at least in part, on the output electromagnetic signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for a magneto-seismic exploration of a subsurface region. An electromagnetic source may transmit time-varying electromagnetic field into the subsurface region, in the presence of a static or time-varying magnetic field, such that a component of the electric field associated with the time-varying electromagnetic field is substantially parallel to an interface between two subsurface formations in the subsurface region, wherein the electric field interacts with the static or time-varying magnetic field and creates a Lorentz force in each of the subsurface formations. One or more seismic receivers may detect a seismic signal generated by a Lorentz force change at the interface between the two subsurface formations. A computer system may be programmed to process and present the detected seismic signal.