Abstract: Disclosed are nanostructured materials, devices, systems and methods of their fabrication using cryogenic milling techniques. In some embodiments in accordance with the disclosed technology, a cryogenic milling method for fabricating electrode materials for batteries is described, which can be used to fabricate high volumetric/gravimetric capacity SnSb—C (tin-antimony with carbon) anode material and other alloy/intermetallic type carbon composite battery anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with significantly improved battery energy density and cycle life.