Abstract: A method for optimizing a process (PROC) to produce a biochemical product (P) defined by a quality attribute, the process being controlled by an actuation parameter (C) and being monitored to get a measured value (T). The method includes training a predictive model (PRED) on a training database; and deploying the trained predictive model (PRED) to provide a correction actuation parameter (dC) when a predicted quality attribute (pQA) is out of a targeted quality attribute interval (QAmin, QAmax). The method also includes a step of designing a physical model of the process (PROC) able to provide a simulated quality attribute, the training database comprising simulated quality attributes computed from the physical model and experimental quality attributes computed from biochemical products (P) previously produced.

Abstract: The present invention therefore provides a method of treating the surface of an item for a radiotherapy apparatus, comprising the steps of machining into a planar reflective surface of the item a stepped profile, each step having a first surface angled to the planar reflective surface such that, in use, the first surface reflects light incident on the planar reflective surface away from the isocenter of the radiotherapy apparatus and a second surface angled with respect to the planar reflective surface and the first surface such that, in use, the second surface is shadowed from light incident on the planar reflective surface by the first surface, the steps having a depth which does not exceed 2.15% of the total depth of the item.

Abstract: The present invention therefore provides a method of treating the surface of an item for a radiotherapy apparatus, comprising the steps of machining into a planar reflective surface of the item a stepped profile, each step having a first surface angled to the planar reflective surface such that, in use, the first surface reflects light incident on the planar reflective surface away from the isocentre of the radiotherapy apparatus and a second surface angled with respect to the planar reflective surface and the first surface such that, in use, the second surface is shadowed from light incident on the planar reflective surface by the first surface, the steps having a depth which does not exceed 2.15% of the total depth of the item.