Abstract: An turbocharger cartridge and engine cylinder head assembly includes a turbocharger cartridge that includes some but not all of the components of a turbocharger, while the engine cylinder head provides the components of the turbocharger that are not included in the cartridge. The cartridge includes a center housing rotating assembly having a shaft that joins a turbine wheel to a compressor wheel, the shaft passing through bearings housed in the center housing. The engine cylinder head defines a receptacle that receives the cartridge. The head also defines a diffuser and volute for the compressor, and a turbine volute. The cartridge defines a turbine nozzle and turbine contour, and further includes a wastegate unit as a part of the cartridge.

Abstract: A compressor housing assembly for a turbocharger can include a compressor housing shell that includes an axis for alignment with a rotational axis of a compressor wheel, a wall that includes features defined in part by radii with respect to the axis, and an edge that defines in part an inlet opening of a shroud port; and an insert that includes a shroud section and a noise suppressor section that define a recirculation port where the insert is axially located by the wall of the compressor housing shell, where an internal recirculation passage is defined in part by the insert and the wall, and where an edge of the shroud section (e.g., a lowermost edge) defines in part the inlet opening of the shroud port. Various other examples of devices, assemblies, systems, methods, etc., are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fiber blend, a yarn spun from the fiber blend, and a fabric made from the yarn, wherein the fiber blend is a blend of staple fibers comprising non-FR cellulosic fibers, modacrylic fibers, and aramid fibers intimately blended together. The blend is such that the cellulosic fibers constitute at least about 45 wt. % of the fiber blend, a weight ratio of the modacrylic fibers to the cellulosic fibers is at least 0.8 but not exceeding 1.0, and the aramid fibers make up no more than 15 wt. % of the fiber blend.

Abstract: A turbocharger assembly includes a center housing rotating assembly, which comprises a center housing, bearings housed in the center housing, a shaft rotatably supported in the bearings, and compressor and turbine wheels affixed to opposite ends of the shaft; an engine cylinder head and a housing member formed together as a one-piece integral structure, wherein the housing member defines a compressor volute that receives compressed air from the compressor wheel, a turbine volute for receiving exhaust gas from the engine, a turbine nozzle for directing exhaust gas from the turbine volute into the turbine wheel, and a turbine contour; a compressor contour plug that defines an axial inlet for the compressor and a compressor contour; and a wastegate unit operable for allowing exhaust gas to bypass the turbine wheel when the wastegate unit is open and preventing exhaust gas from bypassing the turbine wheel when the wastegate unit is closed.

Abstract: An turbocharger cartridge and engine cylinder head assembly includes a turbocharger cartridge that includes some but not all of the components of a turbocharger, while the engine cylinder head provides the components of the turbocharger that are not included in the cartridge. The cartridge includes a center housing rotating assembly having a shaft that joins a turbine wheel to a compressor wheel, the shaft passing through bearings housed in the center housing. The engine cylinder head defines a receptacle that receives the cartridge. The head also defines a diffuser and volute for the compressor, and a turbine volute. The cartridge defines a turbine nozzle and turbine contour, and further includes a wastegate unit as a part of the cartridge.

Abstract: A turbocharger and engine cylinder head assembly includes a center housing rotating assembly (CHRA) and an engine cylinder head defining a receptacle for receiving the CHRA, the engine cylinder head defining a compressor volute. A diffuser is defined for receiving and diffusing the compressed air from the compressor wheel and supplying the compressed air to the compressor volute. The assembly includes a cap formed separately from the engine cylinder head and removably secured to the engine cylinder head, the cap defining one wall of the diffuser. An opposite wall of the diffuser is defined either by the engine cylinder head or a portion of the center housing, depending on whether the CHRA slides into the receptacle compressor-wheel-first or turbine-wheel-first. The compressor volute can be located on a turbine side of the diffuser.

Abstract: A turbine assembly for a turbocharger includes a variable nozzle formed by a sliding half-collar piston. A first-stage nozzle has a plurality of first vanes supported by a first nozzle ring and extending axially therefrom. A second-stage nozzle has a second nozzle ring connected to the ends of the first vanes, and a plurality of second vanes extending axially therefrom. The piston regulates flow through the second-stage nozzle, while the first-stage nozzle remains open when the piston is fully closed. The second nozzle ring at least partially divides the first vanes from the second vanes. The half-collar piston includes recesses that receive the second vanes and only partially surround the girth of each second vane.

Abstract: A turbocharger having a sliding piston for regulating exhaust gas flow into the turbine wheel includes a set of first vanes mounted on a fixed first wall of the turbine nozzle and projecting axially toward an opposite second wall of the nozzle, and/or a set of second vanes mounted on the end of the piston and projecting in an opposite axial direction toward the first wall of the nozzle. For the/each set of vanes, there are leakage dams formed on the wall that is adjacent the vane tips when the piston is closed. The leakage dams are closely adjacent the vane tips and discourage exhaust gas from leaking in a generally radial direction past the vane tips as the piston just begins to open from its fully closed position.

Abstract: A turbocharger having a turbine housing defining a chamber for receiving exhaust gas, and a nozzle leading from the chamber. Exhaust gas flows from the nozzle through a turbine wheel in the chamber and changes direction from a radially inward direction in the nozzle to an axial direction downstream of the turbine wheel. A divider in the nozzle divides the nozzle into first-stage and second-stage nozzles. The divider has an upstream surface to guide exhaust gas through the first-stage nozzle and an opposite downstream surface to guide exhaust gas flowing through the second-stage nozzle. An axially slidable tubular piston, disposed in the turbine housing, has a radially inner surface extending along the axial direction and a non-flat upstream end surface. The piston also includes a curved flow-guiding surface causing the exhaust gas to change direction. In a closed position, the piston abuts the divider to close the second-stage nozzle.

Abstract: A turbocharger having a sliding piston for regulating exhaust gas flow into the turbine wheel includes a set of first vanes mounted on a fixed first wall of the turbine nozzle and projecting axially toward an opposite second wall of the nozzle, and/or a set of second vanes mounted on the end of the piston and projecting in an opposite axial direction toward the first wall of the nozzle. For the/each set of vanes, there are leakage dams formed on the wall that is adjacent the vane tips when the piston is closed. The leakage dams are closely adjacent the vane tips and discourage exhaust gas from leaking in a generally radial direction past the vane tips as the piston just begins to open from its fully closed position.

Abstract: A turbocharger having a turbine housing defining a chamber for receiving exhaust gas, and a nozzle leading from the chamber. Exhaust gas flows from the nozzle through a turbine wheel in the chamber and changes direction from a radially inward direction in the nozzle to an axial direction downstream of the turbine wheel. A divider in the nozzle divides the nozzle into first-stage and second-stage nozzles. The divider has an upstream surface to guide exhaust gas through the first-stage nozzle and an opposite downstream surface to guide exhaust gas flowing through the second-stage nozzle. An axially slidable tubular piston, disposed in the turbine housing, has a radially inner surface extending along the axial direction and a non-flat upstream end surface. The piston also includes a curved flow-guiding surface causing the exhaust gas to change direction. In a closed position, the piston abuts the divider to close the second-stage nozzle.

Abstract: A turbine assembly for a turbocharger includes a variable nozzle formed by a sliding half-collar piston. A first-stage nozzle has a plurality of first vanes supported by a first nozzle ring and extending axially therefrom. A second-stage nozzle has a second nozzle ring connected to the ends of the first vanes, and a plurality of second vanes extending axially therefrom. The piston regulates flow through the second-stage nozzle, while the first-stage nozzle remains open when the piston is fully closed. The second nozzle ring at least partially divides the first vanes from the second vanes. The half-collar piston includes recesses that receive the second vanes and only partially surround the girth of each second vane.

Abstract: A turbocharger having a sliding piston for regulating exhaust gas flow into the turbine wheel includes a set of fixed vanes mounted on a fixed first wall of the turbine nozzle and projecting axially toward an opposite second wall of the nozzle, and a set of moving vanes mounted on the end of the piston and projecting in an opposite axial direction toward the first wall of the nozzle. The two sets of vanes are circumferentially staggered relative to each other and overlap each other, the degree of overlap depending on the piston's axial position. The turbine wheel can be a splittered turbine wheel having long blades alternating with shorter blades.

Abstract: A turbine (40) for a turbocharger (10) has a turbine housing (41) defining a generally annular chamber (43) surrounding a turbine wheel (44), the chamber receiving exhaust gas for driving the turbine wheel. The chamber has dividing walls (46) that divide the chamber into a plurality of angular sectors (43a,43b), each fed with exhaust gas separately from the other sector(s). (52,53) located radially inwardly of the sectors for guiding flow into the turbine wheel include at least dividing vanes (52) that form extensions of the dividing walls (46) so as to extend the sector-division of the exhaust gas flow path all the way to the trailing edges of the dividing vanes. An axially slidable piston (48) is disposed radially inwardly of the sectors, and radially overlaps with the dividing vanes (52). The vanes either are mounted on fixed structure and are received in slots (49) in the piston, or are mounted on the piston and received in slots in fixed structure.