Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product are provided for encrypting and decrypting information, such as electronic mail. Each party has a secret, unique, randomly assigned value y. A sender and receiver first engage in a preliminary message exchange, or “handshake. ” At this point, the sending party is given the y value of the receiving party. A key is then generated randomly or pseudo-randomly by the sending party. The key is used to encrypt a byte of information to be sent to the receiving party. A new key is generated for every byte to be encrypted. The resulting ciphertext is a combination of the output of a function F and a function P. F is a function of plaintext and the key. P is a function of the plaintext and the y value of the receiving party. During operation, y values and keys are not readily apparent to users.

Abstract: An improved method of manufacturing active matrix displays with ESD protection through final assembly and in process testing and repair capabilities. At least a first set of shorting bars is formed adjacent the row and column matrix. The shorting bars are respectively coupled to one another in series to allow testing of the matrix elements. A first shorting bar is coupled to the odd row lines, a second shorting bar is coupled to the even row lines, a third shorting bar is coupled to the odd column lines and a fourth shorting bar is coupled to the even column lines. The shorting bars can remain coupled to the matrix through final assembly to provide ESD protection and final assembly and testing capability.