Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided. In an example aspect, a method of storing data in a communication system is provided. The data comprises n data blocks, and k data blocks of the n data blocks are required to recover the data. The communication system includes a plurality of clusters of data storage nodes including a first cluster that is a closest cluster of the plurality of clusters to a source of the data. The method comprises receiving, from a node associated with a respective network operator of each of the clusters of storage nodes, information identifying the data storage nodes that are in each of the clusters. The method also comprises causing each of at least k data blocks of the n data blocks to be stored in a different storage node in the first cluster.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for aggregating and exposing infrastructure capability information is provided. The method includes extracting infrastructure capability information, wherein the infrastructure capability information includes available resource types and, for each available resource type, first attribute information including a first attribute name and a first attribute value. The method further includes, for each available resource type: determining whether the first attribute value is a literal type attribute value or a numerical type attribute value; for an attribute value determined to be the literal type, aggregating the first attribute information to generate aggregated literal attributes information; and for an attribute value determined to be the numerical type, aggregating the first attribute information to generate aggregated numerical attributes information.

Abstract: A method of managing plural cloud virtualisation layers in a communication network, the method comprising: receiving, from a tenant, a service request to execute an application on a host resource, wherein the service request comprises input parameters; determining, based on the input parameters, that execution of the application on the host resource requires plural cloud virtualisation layers; responsive to determining that execution requires plural cloud virtualisation layers, generating a layout of virtualisation layer components for the plural cloud virtualisation layers; and assigning the application to a virtualisation layer component based on the input parameters.

Abstract: A method is provided performed by a network node for adaptive resource dimensioning for a cloud stack having a plurality of virtualization layers with resource dependencies between the plurality of virtualization layers in an infrastructure. The method includes assigning a workload to a bin in the infrastructure based on one of (i) the bin has a resource capacity that supports a dimension of the workload, and (ii) when the resource capacity of the bin is insufficient (a) create a new bin, and (b) assign the workload to the new bin having a dimensioned resource capacity. The method further includes outputting information representing one of the assigned bin and the assigned new bin for the workload, and a corresponding resource capacity of the assigned bin or the dimensioned resource capacity of the new bin.

Abstract: In a method performed by a first node associated with a first domain of a communications network, a first message is sent (302) to a second node associated with a second domain of the communications network. The first message comprises an indication of a resource in the first domain that is available to the second domain. The first message further comprises an anonymised first global unique identifier associated with the first domain.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided. In an example aspect, a method of storing data in a communication system is provided. The data comprises n data blocks, and k data blocks of the n data blocks are required to recover the data. The communication system includes a plurality of clusters of data storage nodes including a first cluster that is a closest cluster of the plurality of clusters to a source of the data. The method comprises receiving, from a node associated with a respective network operator of each of the clusters of storage nodes, information identifying the data storage nodes that are in each of the clusters. The method also comprises causing each of at least k data blocks of the n data blocks to be stored in a different storage node in the first cluster.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for aggregating and exposing infrastructure capability information is provided. The method includes extracting infrastructure capability information, wherein the infrastructure capability information includes available resource types and, for each available resource type, first attribute information including a first attribute name and a first attribute value. The method further includes, for each available resource type: determining whether the first attribute value is a literal type attribute value or a numerical type attribute value; for an attribute value determined to be the literal type, aggregating the first attribute information to generate aggregated literal attributes information; and for an attribute value determined to be the numerical type, aggregating the first attribute information to generate aggregated numerical attributes information.

Abstract: A first orchestrator (20-1) for a first domain (10-1) is configured for multi-domain orchestration. The first orchestrator (20-1) receives an inbound orchestration request (22) that requests orchestration of one or more inbound targets (24) and that includes one or more records (26). The one or more records (26) either indicate an ancestry of each of the one or more inbound targets (24) or indicate an ancestry of the inbound orchestration request (22). The first orchestrator (20-1), based on the one or more records (26) included in the inbound orchestration request (22), evaluating whether or not to send from the first domain (10-1) to a second domain (10-2) an outbound orchestration request (28) that requests orchestration of an outbound target (30). The outbound target (30) is one of, or is a descendant of at least one of, the one or more inbound targets (24).

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to methods and apparatuses for providing a back-up service. A method in a reliability lifecycle manager (RLCM) is provided for managing orchestration of a back-up service for an original service.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and plant for purifying a raw synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as target components and carbon dioxide and sulfur components as disruptive components by gas scrubbing with a physically acting, liquid scrubbing medium selective for carbon dioxide and sulfur components. The process/the plant comprise an absorption apparatus, a hot regeneration apparatus, a preferably multistage flash regeneration apparatus and a reabsorber column supplied with the first portion of a stripping gas. According to the invention the flash regeneration apparatus is supplied with the second portion of the stripping gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process and plant for purifying raw synthesis gas by physical absorption in methanol. A raw synthesis gas stream which includes hydrogen and carbon monoxide as desired constituents and water and acid gases as undesired constituents is admixed with methanol and subsequently cooled below the freezing point of water. According to the invention a liquid phase including methanol and water is separated from the cooled raw synthesis gas stream. Acid gases are removed from the remaining gaseous phase by physical absorption in methanol at elevated pressure. Separating the water from the raw synthesis gas stream before the absorption of the acid gases prevents larger amounts of water passing into the methanol circuit of the gas scrubbing process. This achieves savings in resources and certain plant parts may be smaller than is customary.

Abstract: A method and system of deployment of a virtualized service on a cloud infrastructure are described. A first service function specification of a first service function is selected. A determination of a set of the computing systems and a set of the links is performed based on availability and characteristics of the computing systems and the network resources in the cloud infrastructure. A selection of a first computing system to be assigned to host the first service function and links is performed based on the first service function specification and based on interoperability requirements for the first service function and one or more other ones of the service functions that form the virtualized service. The selection of a service function and the determination of a computing system and links is repeated for the remaining service functions until all of the service functions are assigned to resources in the cloud infrastructure.

Abstract: A method and system of deployment of a virtualized service on a cloud infrastructure are described. A first service function specification of a first service function is selected. A determination of a set of the computing systems and a set of the links is performed based on availability and characteristics of the computing systems and the network resources in the cloud infrastructure. A selection of a first computing system to be assigned to host the first service function and links is performed based on the first service function specification. In response to determining that there is one or more of the service functions that are not yet assigned, the selection of a service function and the determination of a computing system and links are repeated for each of the remaining functions until all of the service functions are assigned to computing and networking resources in the cloud infrastructure.

Abstract: A method and system of deployment of a virtualized service on a cloud infrastructure while taking into consideration variability/elasticity of the cloud resources are described. A first service function specification is selected. Candidate computing systems and candidate links are determined. The determination of the candidates is performed based on the availability and characteristics of the computing systems and the network resources in the cloud infrastructure which includes varying characteristics. A first computing system and one or more links are determined from the candidates for placing the first service function in the cloud infrastructure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method 300, an interface 40, and computer code for adapting a data structure of an input data set for processing in a computer system 14.

Abstract: In a method performed by a first node associated with a first domain of a communications network, a first message is sent (302) to a second node associated with a second domain of the communications network. The first message comprises an indication of a resource in the first domain that is available to the second domain. The first message further comprises an anonymised first global unique identifier associated with the first domain.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide methods and apparatus for life cycle management in virtual networks.

Abstract: A first orchestrator (20-1) for a first domain (10-1) is configured for multi-domain orchestration. The first orchestrator (20-1) receives an inbound orchestration request (22) that requests orchestration of one or more inbound targets (24) and that includes one or more records (26). The one or more records (26) either indicate an ancestry of each of the one or more inbound targets (24) or indicate an ancestry of the inbound orchestration request (22). The first orchestrator (20-1), based on the one or more records (26) included in the inbound orchestration request (22), evaluating whether or not to send from the first domain (10-1) to a second domain (10-2) an outbound orchestration request (28) that requests orchestration of an outbound target (30). The outbound target (30) is one of, or is a descendant of at least one of, the one or more inbound targets (24).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and plant for purifying a raw synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as target components and carbon dioxide and sulfur components as disruptive components by gas scrubbing with a physically acting, liquid scrubbing medium selective for carbon dioxide and sulfur components. The process/the plant comprise an absorption apparatus, a hot regeneration apparatus, a preferably multistage flash regeneration apparatus and a reabsorber column supplied with the first portion of a stripping gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process and plant for purifying raw synthesis gas by physical absorption in methanol. A raw synthesis gas stream which includes hydrogen and carbon monoxide as desired constituents and water and acid gases as undesired constituents is admixed with methanol and subsequently cooled below the freezing point of water. According to the invention a liquid phase including methanol and water is separated from the cooled raw synthesis gas stream. Acid gases are removed from the remaining gaseous phase by physical absorption in methanol at elevated pressure. Separating the water from the raw synthesis gas stream before the absorption of the acid gases prevents larger amounts of water passing into the methanol circuit of the gas scrubbing process. This achieves savings in resources and certain plant parts may be smaller than is customary.