Abstract: A system for enhancing tonal quality for ringback signals in a telecommunications network by adjusting audio processing during an alerting interval of a telecommunications session (e.g. during a telephone call). The system may be embodied in a telecommunications switching device and include a ringback manager process that provides the ability to adjust audio processing (e.g., by signaling to in-path equipment) which enhances the tonal quality of the ringback signal. As an example, a telephone system (e.g. equipment associated with establishment and operation of telephone communications sessions) can disable or attenuate operation of voice quality enhancement processing such as echo cancellation, noise reduction, adaptive level control, and the like, during the ringback or alerting interval or period of a telephone call so that the ringback tone provided to the calling party is not distorted by such processing.

Abstract: Antenna arrays can be fabricated as patches on conductive transparent material over an appropriate transparent dielectric substrate with the appropriate transparent ground-plane. To keep the fabrication cost low, such antenna arrays have a planar design without cross-over of the feeding lines or 3D interconnects. To steer the antenna horizontally, patches need to be fed with incremental phase shifts relative to their left or right neighbors; such feeds require an appropriate network and RF switches, typically located in an adjacent non-transparent area such as a PCB. Fabricating and disposing transparent phase delay component on the transparent material reduces the size of the PCB, thereby increasing visible transparent area.

Abstract: An urban environment having many subscribers in close proximity is interconnected by a line of sight wireless network such that individual subscribers connect to an ISP backbone or hub directly or indirectly through other subscribers in the wireless network. A set of subscribers therefore form a multi-node mesh network of line-of-sight adjacency. In an urban environment, line-of-sight adjacency between buildings is facilitated by window placement of transparent directional antennas. High density, high capacity, networks are formed using the transparent directional antennas where transparency facilitates window mounting and directionality reduces received interference and increases capacity. Each subscriber employs a configuration for communication “upstream” towards the ISP and “downstream” to other subscriber nodes. Each subscriber node includes one or more radios for communication upstream and downstream, a router, and a transparent directional antenna for communication with adjacent nodes.

Abstract: A system for enhancing tonal quality for ringback signals in a telecommunications network by adjusting audio processing during an alerting interval of a telecommunications session (e.g. during a telephone call). The system may be embodied in a telecommunications switching device and include a ringback manager process that provides the ability to adjust audio processing (e.g., by signaling to in-path equipment) which enhances the tonal quality of the ringback signal. As an example, a telephone system (e.g. equipment associated with establishment and operation of telephone communications sessions) can disable or attenuate operation of voice quality enhancement processing such as echo cancellation, noise reduction, adaptive level control, and the like, during the ringback or alerting interval or period of a telephone call so that the ringback tone provided to the calling party is not distorted by such processing.

Abstract: A system for enhancing tonal quality for ringback signals in a telecommunications network by adjusting audio processing during an alerting interval of a telecommunications session (e.g. during a telephone call). The system may be embodied in a telecommunications switching device and include a ringback manager process that provides the ability to adjust audio processing (e.g., by signaling to in-path equipment) which enhances the tonal quality of the ringback signal. As an example, a telephone system (e.g. equipment associated with establishment and operation of telephone communications sessions) can disable or attenuate operation of voice quality enhancement processing such as echo cancellation, noise reduction, adaptive level control, and the like, during the ringback or alerting interval or period of a telephone call so that the ringback tone provided to the calling party is not distorted by such processing.

Abstract: An alternate access mechanism provides reduced cost Internet access using a streamlined sign-on procedure. The alternate access mechanism employs a specialized access medium including an array of nodes interconnected back to a trunk line access point. The trunk line access point allows greatly reduced cost because of competitive access to the Internet backbone. The interconnected nodes include readily available components, such as wireless routers, microwave radios, and routers, and/or integrated versions thereof which leverage close proximity to adjacent nodes for establishing a path back to the trunk line access point.

Abstract: Wireless network demands continually increase as wireless service providers pursue additional service capabilities. In a cellular communication system, leased lines between remote cell sites and the corresponding Mobile Switching Offices (MSOs) remain a major operating cost. Bandwidth reduction by identification and elimination of payload data and control information which need not be fully replicated because it can be deduced from information accessible or previously transmitted allows fewer lines to support the same bandwidth. A wireless access gateway is operable to aggregate such redundant and regenerable data on a backhaul link between a wireless cell site and the corresponding mobile switching office (MSO) to provide low-latency, type specific lossless bandwidth reduction. The wireless access gateway identifies regenerable information and eliminates portions of the data which the device need not transmit because the data is redundant, or accessible or recreatable, at the receiving side.

Abstract: Wireless network demands continually increase as wireless service providers pursue additional service capabilities. In a cellular communication system, leased lines between remote cell sites and the corresponding Mobile Switching Offices (MSOs) remain a major operating cost. Bandwidth reduction by identification and elimination of payload data and control information which need not be fully replicated because it can be deduced from information accessible or previously transmitted allows fewer lines to support the same bandwidth. A wireless access gateway is operable to aggregate such redundant and regenerable data on a backhaul link between a wireless cell site and the corresponding mobile switching office (MSO) to provide low-latency, type specific lossless bandwidth reduction. The wireless access gateway identifies regenerable information and eliminates portions of the data which the device need not transmit because the data is redundant, or accessible or recreatable, at the receiving side.

Abstract: A conferencing system includes an input configured to receive N encoded speech signals from N terminals, and a signal processing arrangement configured to determine L encoded signals, of the N encoded speech signals, each indicative of an amount of sound that is louder than amounts of sound indicated by signals of the N encoded signals other than the L signals, the signal processing arrangement being further configured to produce at least N minus L sets of signals similar to the L signals and to transmit at least a set of the similar signals toward each of the terminals other than the terminals from which the L signals were received.

Abstract: Wireless network demands continually increase as wireless service providers pursue additional service capabilities. In a cellular communication system, leased lines between remote cell sites and the corresponding Mobile Switching Offices (MSOs) remain a major operating cost. Bandwidth reduction by identification and elimination of payload data and control information which need not be fully replicated because it can be deduced from information accessible or previously transmitted allows fewer lines to support the same bandwidth. A wireless access gateway is operable to aggregate such redundant and regenerable data on a backhaul link between a wireless cell site and the corresponding mobile switching office (MSO) to provide low-latency, type specific lossless bandwidth reduction. The wireless access gateway identifies regenerable information and eliminates portions of the data which the device need not transmit because the data is redundant, or accessible or recreatable, at the receiving side.

Abstract: A network communication system includes a packet translator operatively connected between a tributary network port and a trunk network port. A tributary format is communicated through the tributary network ports and includes tributary packets that each include a header field and a data field. An aggregate format is communicated through the trunk network port, and includes a packet that includes an aggregate header field and the data fields.

Abstract: A system for connecting telephony equipment to computer network equipment includes a telephony interface module adapted to accept at least one telephony connection from a telephony network. A computer network interface module is adapted to accept at least one data connection from a computer network. A signal processing module is adapted to alter data to be transferred between the computer network interface module and the telephony interface module. A bypass mechanism is adapted to transfer data between the telephony interface module, the computer network interface module, and the signal processing module while bypassing a host processor connected to the telephony interface module, the computer network interface module, and the signal processing module.

Abstract: A communication circuit includes a dual-channel coder having an unencoded data communication port, a first encoded data communication port, and a second encoded data communication port. The dual-channel coder is operative to translate between unencoded data at the unencoded communication port and corresponding encoded data at both the first encoded data port and at the second encoded data port The circuit further includes a real-time channel interface for connection to a real-time communication channel and operatively connected to the first encoded data tort of the coder. The real-time communication channel has a first latency of a guaranteed maximum for a data element to travel between ends of the real-time communication channel. The circuit further includes a best-efforts channel interface for connection to a best-efforts communication channel and operatively connected to the second encoded data port of the coder.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for calibrating an adaptive ranging A/D converter wherein a noise having known statistical properties is deliberately superposed on the reference DC signals used to calibrate the gain-ranging amplifier. The amplitude of the noise is chosen to be greater than at least one, and preferably several, least significant digits of the A/D converter at the lowest anticipated gain, yet preferably less than half the counting range of the converter at the highest gain. The reference DC signal levels are chosen to be spaced from the minimum and maximum count of the A/D at the lowest and highest anticipated gains by better than half the noise amplitude. A time average of a series of measurements of the noisy reference signals as amplified and digitized by the system are obtained.

Abstract: A scanning interferometer is provided with a substantially monochromatic reference beam having a wavelength outside the spectral region of principal interest. Modulation of the reference beam provides a measure of the scan velocity that is compared with a stablized time reference to provide an error signal used to regulate the scan velocity. Modulation of the reference beam also provides a fringe count. At a predetermined count, the time reference is changed in a pre-arranged manner, providing a pre-established scan acceleration sequence at the end of each scan. The acceleration sequence is selected to insure the direction of the scan is reversed within a quarter wave interval of the fringe count, insuring the fidelity of the fringe-count of the monochromatic reference source.