Abstract: In accordance with some embodiments, systems, methods, and media for managing education processes in a distributed education environment are provided.

Abstract: A text message abstraction system and method allowing for the selection of important pieces of information based upon a number of criteria and for the removal of unnecessary components of a message. The abstraction system of the present invention is provided with an input message, a command set and a maximum message length and attempts to generate a message conveying all of the important information contained within the text message but within the maximum message length constraint.

Abstract: Spreadsheet apparatus enables reformatting and renaming of items forming the spreadsheet. A series of items forms a dimension along an axis of the spreadsheet. A label icon or labelling entity is user nameable to describe the series of items of an axis. Repositioning of the label icons repositions respective series of items and thus redefines/rearranges the axes of the spreadsheet. Sub-axes to an axis are similarly formed by series of items associated with a respective label icon. Order of label icons in predefined areas of a working screen view determine hierarchy of main axis and sub-axes for the label icons. There is a different predefined area for the possible vertical axes, possible horizontal axes, and the possible orthogonal axes of the spreadsheet. A cell module holds spreadsheet data in a matrix of memory cells. A symbol table translates between current specified names of items in the spreadsheet and indexes to cells of the cell module.