Abstract: Disclosed is a duplex ferritic austenitic stainless steel of 40-60 volume % ferrite and 40-60 volume % austenite, with improved cold workability and impact toughness. It contains less than 0.07% carbon (C), 0.1-2.0% silicon (Si), 3-5% manganese (Mn), 19-23% chromium (Cr), 1.1-1.9% nickel (Ni), 1.1-3.5% copper (Cu), 0.18-0.30% nitrogen (N), optionally molybdenum (Mo) and/or tungsten (W) according to the formula (Mo+½W)<1.0%. It optionally contains 0.001-0.005% boron (B), up to 0.03% of each of cerium (Ce) and/or calcium (Ca), with the balance being iron (Fe) and impurities where the chromium equivalent (Creq) and the nickel equivalent (Nieq): 20<Creq<24.5 and Nieq>10, where Creq=Cr+1.5Si+Mo+2Ti+0.5Nb Nieq=Ni+0.5Mn+30(C+N)+0.5(Cu+Co).

Abstract: The invention relates to a ferritic stainless steel having enhanced high temperature strength and good resistance to high cycle fatigue, creep and oxidation for use in high temperature service, for components such as automotive exhaust manifolds. The steel contains in weight % less than 0.03% carbon, 0.05-2% silicon, 0.5-2% manganese, 17-20% chromium, 0.5-2% molybdenum, less than 0.2% titanium, 0.3-1% niobium, 1-2% copper, less than 0.03% nitrogen, 0.001-0.005% boron, the rest of the chemical composition being iron and inevitable impurities occurring in stainless steels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to duplex ferritic austenitic stainless steel for the use chemical industry for nitric acid environments wherein good uniform corrosion resistance and high strength are required. The microstructure of the stainless steel has 35-65 volume % of ferrite, preferably 45-55 volume % of ferrite, the balance being austenite. The chemical composition contains less than 0.03 weight % carbon, less than 1 weight % silicon, less than 3 weight % manganese, 26-29.5 weight % chromium, 5-8.5 weight % nickel, 1-3 weight % molybdenum, 0.25-0.35 weight % nitrogen, 1-3 weight % copper, the rest being iron and inevitable impurities occurring in stainless steels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a duplex ferritic austenitic stainless steel having 40-60 volume % ferrite and 40-60 volume austenite, preferably 45-55 volume % ferrite and 45-55 volume % austenite at the annealed condition, and having improved cold workability and impact toughness. The stainless steel contains in weight % less than 0.07% carbon (C), 0.1-2.0% silicon (Si), 3-5% manganese (Mn), 19-23% chromium (Cr), 1.1-1.9% nickel (Ni), 1.1-3.5% copper (Cu), 0.18-0.30% nitrogen (N), optionally molybdenum (Mo) and/or tungsten (W) in a total amount calculated with the formula (Mo+½W)<1.0%, optionally 0.001-0.005% boron (B), optionally up to 0.03% of each of cerium (Ce) and/or calcium (Ca), balance being iron (Fe) and evitable impurities in such conditions for the ferritc formers and the austenite formers, i.e. for the chromium equivalent (Creq) and the nickel equivalent (Nieq): 20<Creq<24.5 and Nieq>10, where Creq=Cr+1.5Si+Mo+2Ti?0.5Nb Nieq=Ni+0.5Mn+30(C?N)+0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ferritic stainless steel having enhanced high temperature strength and good resistance to high cycle fatigue, creep and oxidation for use in high temperature service, for components such as automotive exhaust manifolds. The steel contains in weight % less than 0.03% carbon, 0.05-2% silicon, 0.5-2% manganese, 17-20% chromium, 0.5-2% molybdenum, less than 0.2% titanium, 0.3-1% niobium, 1-2% copper, less than 0.03% nitrogen, 0.001-0.005% boron, the rest of the chemical composition being iron and inevitable impurities occurring in stainless steels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to duplex ferritic austenitic stainless steel for the use chemical industry for nitric acid environments wherein good uniform corrosion resistance and high strength are required. The microstructure of the stainless steel has 35-65 volume % of ferrite, preferably 45-55 volume % of ferrite, the balance being austenite. The chemical composition contains less than 0.03 weight % carbon, less than 1 weight % silicon, less than 3 weight % manganese, 26-29.5 weight % chromium, 5-8.5 weight % nickel, 1-3 weight % molybdenum, 0.25-0.35 weight % nitrogen, 1-3 weight % copper, the rest being iron and inevitable impurities occurring in stainless steels.