Abstract: A method can include receiving, at a computer system, characteristic values of a pregnancy of a subject. As an example, the characteristic values can include a numerical value for a live birth order of the pregnancy for the subject. The computer system can store a machine learning model that receives a first set of input features and provides a second set of one or more output values. In some embodiments, the first set of input features can correspond to the characteristic values of the pregnancy of the subject. The second set of one or more output values can include a probability of a Cesarean delivery. The characteristic values can be input into the machine learning model to obtain the probability of the Cesarean delivery being required for the subject during an attempt of a vaginal delivery. The Cesarean delivery can be performed based on the probability.