Abstract: Demulsification of a water-in-oil, especially a water-in-crude oil, emulsion is effected by contacting it with an aqueous composition having at least one oil-soluble demulsifier and at least one water-soluble surfactant. These aqueous formulations are advantageous over conventional organic formulations of demulsifiers, as the need for toxic and/or flammable/combustible organic solvents is eliminated.

Abstract: A method of separating solids and preventing foaming in an industrial water system comprising adding to fluids in the industrial water system an effective amount of a low foaming latex polymer prepared using a tallow amine ethoxylate/polyoxyethylene oleyl ether emulsifier.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to improvements in the Bayer mining process, used for the recovery of alumina from bauxite ore. Water-continuous emulsion polymers are advantageously used to improve the clarification, filtration and scale control of red-mud containing liquors generated during the Bayer process. Preferred polymers are high molecular weight poly(methyl acrylate/acrylic acid), poly(methyl acrylate), poly(vinyl acetate/acrylic acid/methyl acrylate) and a combination of a high molecular weight poly(methyl acrylate/acrylic acid) with a lower molecular weight poly(methyl acrylate/acrylic acid).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the clarification of red mud-containing liquors generated in the Bayer process for the recovery of alumina from bauxite ore with a combination of high molecular weight emulsion polymer and lower molecular weight emulsion polymers. The invention is also a method for the same purpose utilizing a methyl acrylate emulsion homopolymer.

Abstract: A method for improving the flocculation of suspended solids in a Bayer process liquor in a primary settler stage. The method includes the step of adding to a primary settler feed a composition including water-continuous polymer, said polymer being hydrolyzable in a Bayer process liquor to an acid form, said acid form being an active red mud flocculent. A novel emulsion, and a polymerization technique for obtaining high molecular weight emulsions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for flocculation of red mud in Bayer Process streams utilizing a fatty acid or fatty acid ester free latex polymer flocculant. Preferred fatty acid free emulsifiers useful for the preparation of such flocculants are obtained by reacting ethylene and/or propylene oxide with a reagent selected from the group consisting of ethylene diamine, ethanol and ethylene glycol.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of water soluble nonionic and anionically charged vinyl and allyl addition polymers can be obtained by polymerizing in the presence of an anionically charged water soluble polymer stabilizer in a saturated salt solution. Methods for the preparation of these polymers, and their compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for the determination of the concentration of additives in boiler water systems, by which polymeric additives are utilized to monitor and treat boiler water systems.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing high molecular weight anionic dispersion polymer is disclosed, the process comprising providing a mixture of water, acrylic acid and a stabilizer; cooling the mixture to a temperature of less than 35.degree. C.; lowering the pH of the mixture to less than 4.5; adding ethylhexyl acrylate to the mixture to form an aqueous solution; stirring the aqueous solution; purging the solution with nitrogen simultaneous with the step of stirring; heating the solution to about 48.degree. C.; adding initiator for from about 2 to about 3 hours; heating the solution to about 75.degree. C. for about 30 to about 60 minutes; and cooling and collecting the polymer.

Abstract: A beneficiation reagent is provided which is the half-ester reaction product of a short-chain dicarboxylic acid source, such as maleic anhydride, and a saturated, aliphatic, monohydric alcohol containing from eight to thirteen carbon atoms, preferably ten carbon atoms. This reagent is added neat to a water-slurry of iron ore concentrate in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 0.7 pounds/ton.

Abstract: Acrylic acid copolymers and certain acrylic acid acrylamide terpolymers which contain amounts of 2-AMPS provide superior results when used to remove suspended red mud from aqueous solutions which contain alumina.

Abstract: Water-soluble aniline-formaldehyde-polyamine polymers provide excellent flocculants for low turbidity waters.

Abstract: 1-aminoalkane--1, 1-diphosphonic acids of the formula, ##STR1## may be produced in good yield by reacting a nitrile of the formula,R -- CH.sub.2 -- C .tbd. Nwith at least 2 moles of phosphorous acid in the presence of a high boiling hydrocarbon oil at a temperature ranging between 140.degree.-170.degree. C without a catalyst. In the above formula, R is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, substituted aryl, substituted alkyl, and substituted arylalkyl. These compounds show anti-corrosive activity.

Abstract: A process for the production of water-soluble polyamine polymers by condensation reaction from ethylene dichloride and ammonia under pressure of 4-10 atmospheres which is conducted in two stages:1. reacting ethylene dichloride and ammonia at a temperature of about 110.degree.-120.degree. C and at a pH of 9.0-10.0 for 1-3 hours in the presence of a first amount of alkali metal hydroxide to produce a polyamine reaction mixture; and2. thereafter adding to said polyamine reaction mixture a second equal amount of alkali metal hydroxide wherein the total of the first and second amounts is equivalent to about 150% based on the equivalent weight of the available chlorine present and continuing heating the reaction mixture for about 8-12 hours at about 102.degree.-112.degree. C to produce a polyamine condensate polymer product of increased linear characteristics and thereafter quaternizing the product with methyl chloride.