Abstract: Devices, methods and kits for rapid and simple determination of target molecules, including small molecules, polypeptides, proteins, cells and infectious disease agents in liquid samples that are capable of real-time measurement of these entities in fluid samples that are highly selective, highly sensitive, simple to operate, low cost, and portable. The devices, methods and kits also provide, in at least some embodiments, the use of MIPs in a flow through or lateral flow device.