Patents by Inventor Rafid Sukkar
Rafid Sukkar has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 11953800Abstract: An optical resonant modulator based on coupling modulation, comprising a resonant structure with an embedded Mach-Zehnder interferometer that is differentially driven to induced amplitude modulation at the output port. The principle of coupling modulation enables high data/baud rates to be achieved in a photonic integrated circuit, e.g. silicon, footprint that is considerably smaller than that of a conventional traveling-wave Mach-Zehnder modulator, in particular by utilizing space saving features, such as ring resonator phase shifters and bend waveguide arms.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 2022Date of Patent: April 9, 2024Assignee: Nokia Solutions and Networks OyInventors: Ajay Mistry, Meisam Bahadori, Alexander Rylyakov, Rafid Sukkar, Matthew Streshinsky
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Publication number: 20230251546Abstract: An optical resonant modulator based on coupling modulation, comprising a resonant structure with an embedded Mach-Zehnder interferometer that is differentially driven to induced amplitude modulation at the output port. The principle of coupling modulation enables high data/baud rates to be achieved in a photonic integrated circuit, e.g. silicon, footprint that is considerably smaller than that of a conventional traveling-wave Mach-Zehnder modulator, in particular by utilizing space saving features, such as ring resonator phase shifters and bend waveguide arms.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 9, 2022Publication date: August 10, 2023Inventors: Ajay Mistry, Meisam Bahadori, Alexander Rylyakov, Rafid Sukkar, Matthew Streshinsky
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Patent number: 10524031Abstract: Method and apparatus of an optical routing system (“ORS”) capable of automatically discovering intra-nodal fiber connections using a test channel transceiver (“TCT”) are disclosed. ORS, in one embodiment, includes a set of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (“ROADM”) modules, intra-nodal fiber connections, add-drop modules, and a test module. The ROADM modules are able to transmit or receive optical signals via optical fibers. The intra-nodal fiber connections are configured to provide optical connections. The add-drop modules are able to selectively make connections between input ports and output ports. The test module containing TCT is configured to identify at least a portion of intra-nodal connections of the ROADM via a test signal operating with a unique optical frequency.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 2018Date of Patent: December 31, 2019Assignee: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventors: Richard Y. Younce, Yajun Wang, Julia Y Larikova, Rafid Sukkar
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Publication number: 20180295430Abstract: Method and apparatus of an optical routing system (“ORS”) capable of automatically discovering intra-nodal fiber connections using a test channel transceiver (“TCT”) are disclosed. ORS, in one embodiment, includes a set of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (“ROADM”) modules, intra-nodal fiber connections, add-drop modules, and a test module. The ROADM modules are able to transmit or receive optical signals via optical fibers. The intra-nodal fiber connections are configured to provide optical connections. The add-drop modules are able to selectively make connections between input ports and output ports. The test module containing TCT is configured to identify at least a portion of intra-nodal connections of the ROADM via a test signal operating with a unique optical frequency.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 8, 2018Publication date: October 11, 2018Applicant: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventors: Richard Y. Younce, Yajun Wang, Julia Y. Larikova, Rafid Sukkar
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Patent number: 10009671Abstract: Method and apparatus of an optical routing system (“ORS”) capable of automatically discovering intra-nodal fiber connections using a test channel transceiver (“TCT”) are disclosed. ORS, in one embodiment, includes a set of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (“ROADM”) modules, intra-nodal fiber connections, add-drop modules, and a test module. The ROADM modules are able to transmit or receive optical signals via optical fibers. The intra-nodal fiber connections are configured to provide optical connections. The add-drop modules are able to selectively make connections between input ports and output ports. The test module containing TCT is configured to identify at least a portion of intra-nodal connections of the ROADM via a test signal operating with a unique optical frequency.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 2014Date of Patent: June 26, 2018Assignee: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventors: Richard Y. Younce, Yajun Wang, Julia Y. Larikova, Rafid Sukkar
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Publication number: 20150208146Abstract: Method and apparatus of an optical routing system (“ORS”) capable of automatically discovering intra-nodal fiber connections using a test channel transceiver (“TCT”) are disclosed. ORS, in one embodiment, includes a set of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (“ROADM”) modules, intra-nodal fiber connections, add-drop modules, and a test module. The ROADM modules are able to transmit or receive optical signals via optical fibers. The intra-nodal fiber connections are configured to provide optical connections. The add-drop modules are able to selectively make connections between input ports and output ports. The test module containing TCT is configured to identify at least a portion of intra-nodal connections of the ROADM via a test signal operating with a unique optical frequency.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 19, 2014Publication date: July 23, 2015Applicant: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventors: Richard Y. Younce, Yajun Wang, Julia Y. Larikova, Rafid Sukkar
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Patent number: 8874437Abstract: Adaptive Gain Control (AGC) is performed directly in a coded domain. A Coded Domain Adaptive Gain Control (CD-AGC) system modifies at least one parameter of a first encoded signal, resulting in corresponding modified parameter(s). The CD-VQE system replaces the parameter(s) of the first encoded signal with the modified parameter(s), resulting in a second encoded signal. In a decoded state, the second encoded signal approximates a target signal that is a function of two signals, including the first encoded signal and a third encoded signal, in at least a partially decoded states. Thus, the first encoded signal does not have to go through intermediate decode/re-encode processes, which can degrade overall speech quality. Computational resources required for a complete re-encoding are not needed. Overall delay of the system is minimized. The CD-AGC system can be used in any network in which signals are communicated in a coded domain, such as a Third Generation (3G) wireless network.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 2005Date of Patent: October 28, 2014Assignee: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventors: Rafid A. Sukkar, Richard C. Younce, Peng Zhang
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Publication number: 20130155924Abstract: A system, apparatus, method, and computer-readable medium for coded-domain echo cancellation. The method includes receiving a signal including at least one packet, and replacing the at least one packet with a replacement packet. In one example, the replacement packet is a comfort noise packet (such as a SID_UPDATE packet) or a NO_DATA packet. In an example embodiment, the at least one packet included in the signal includes one or more comfort noise packets, and, prior to the replacing, the one or more comfort noise packet(s) are stored in a buffer. In another example, prior to the replacing, the at least one packet is compared to a reference packet to determine whether the at least one packet is an echo packet. The packet, in one example, is encoded based on an adaptive multi-rate (AMR) (e.g., AMR-NB or AMR-WB) codec.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 15, 2011Publication date: June 20, 2013Applicant: TELLABS OPERATIONS, INC.Inventor: Rafid A. Sukkar
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Patent number: 8364480Abstract: A method and corresponding apparatus for coded-domain acoustic echo control is presented. An echo control problem is considered as that of perceptually matching an echo signal to a reference signal. A perceptual similarity function that is based on the coded spectral parameters produced by the speech codec is defined. Since codecs introduce a significant degree of non-linearity into the echo signal, the similarity function is designed to be robust against such effects. The similarity function is incorporated into a coded-domain echo control system that also includes spectrally-matched noise injection for replacing echo frames with comfort noise. Using actual echoes recorded over a commercial mobile network, it is shown herein that the similarity function is robust against both codec non-linearities and additive noise. Experimental results further show that the echo-control is effective at suppressing echoes compared to a Normalized Least Mean Squared (NLMS)-based echo cancellation system.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 2011Date of Patent: January 29, 2013Assignee: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventor: Rafid A. Sukkar
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Publication number: 20120063591Abstract: A method and corresponding apparatus for coded-domain acoustic echo control is presented. An echo control problem is considered as that of perceptually matching an echo signal to a reference signal. A perceptual similarity function that is based on the coded spectral parameters produced by the speech codec is defined. Since codecs introduce a significant degree of non-linearity into the echo signal, the similarity function is designed to be robust against such effects. The similarity function is incorporated into a coded-domain echo control system that also includes spectrally-matched noise injection for replacing echo frames with comfort noise. Using actual echoes recorded over a commercial mobile network, it is shown herein that the similarity function is robust against both codec non-linearities and additive noise. Experimental results further show that the echo-control is effective at suppressing echoes compared to a Normalized Least Mean Squared (NLMS)-based echo cancellation system.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 9, 2011Publication date: March 15, 2012Inventor: Rafid A. Sukkar
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Patent number: 8032365Abstract: A method and corresponding apparatus for coded-domain acoustic echo control is presented. An echo control problem is considered as that of perceptually matching an echo signal to a reference signal. A perceptual similarity function that is based on the coded spectral parameters produced by the speech codec is defined. Since codecs introduce a significant degree of non-linearity into the echo signal, the similarity function is designed to be robust against such effects. The similarity function is incorporated into a coded-domain echo control system that also includes spectrally-matched noise injection for replacing echo frames with comfort noise. Using actual echoes recorded over a commercial mobile network, it is shown herein that the similarity function is robust against both codec non-linearities and additive noise. Experimental results further show that the echo-control is effective at suppressing echoes compared to a Normalized Least Mean Squared (NLMS)-based echo cancellation system.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 2007Date of Patent: October 4, 2011Assignee: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventor: Rafid A. Sukkar
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Publication number: 20090257455Abstract: In some communications systems, unsynchronized near-end and far-end packets of communications signals can reduce or impair performance of processing of packets, such as to the case of Coded Domain Media Quality Enhancement. Therefore, a system may synchronize the incoming signals to enhance quality. A relative delay determination module according to an example embodiment of this invention determines a synchronization and relative delay between packets belonging to different packet streams arriving at a network node in a packet-based network by computing a time synchronization parameter based on a time reference of timestamps of the signals and reports the relative delay to a module making use of the relative delay such as a voice quality enhancement or an echo control module. By synchronizing the packets at the location within the network, source clocks at end or edge nodes of the network can operate with reduced synchronization, simplifying network operations and management thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 15, 2008Publication date: October 15, 2009Applicant: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventors: Rafid A. Sukkar, Peng Zhang
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Publication number: 20090135735Abstract: Media processing of real-time protocol (RTP) packets used in time sensitive applications makes efficient use of network resources, e.g., by dropping or resizing the packets, but hinders measuring and reporting end-to-end reception quality. Because media processing causes a difference between what is sent and received, end-to-end reception quality cannot be measured validly without accounting for this difference. Accordingly, a method and corresponding apparatus are provided to track changes to RTP packets of an RTP session caused by media processing, modify RTP packet information of the RTP packets based on the tracked changes, correct RTP control protocol (RTCP) packets corresponding to the RTP session based on the tracked changes, the corrected RTCP packets being a measure of the end-to-end reception quality of the RTP session, and report the end-to-end reception quality of the RTP session by forwarding the corrected RTCP packets. Thus, end-to-end reception quality can be validly measured and reported.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 8, 2008Publication date: May 28, 2009Applicant: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventors: Peng Zhang, Rafid A. Sukkar, Jeffrey A. Hawbaker
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Publication number: 20090135724Abstract: Media processing of real-time protocol (RTP) packets used in Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and other time sensitive applications makes efficient use of network resources, e.g., by dropping or changing the size of certain packets, but hinders measuring and reporting end-to-end reception quality. Because media processing changes RTP packets between a sender and receiver, causing a difference between what is sent and received, end-to-end reception quality cannot be measured validly without accounting for these changes.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 27, 2007Publication date: May 28, 2009Applicant: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventors: Peng Zhang, Jeffrey A. Hawbaker, Rafid A. Sukkar
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Publication number: 20090063142Abstract: A method and corresponding apparatus for coded-domain acoustic echo control is presented. An echo control problem is considered as that of perceptually matching an echo signal to a reference signal. A perceptual similarity function that is based on the coded spectral parameters produced by the speech codec is defined. Since codecs introduce a significant degree of non-linearity into the echo signal, the similarity function is designed to be robust against such effects. The similarity function is incorporated into a coded-domain echo control system that also includes spectrally-matched noise injection for replacing echo frames with comfort noise. Using actual echoes recorded over a commercial mobile network, it is shown herein that the similarity function is robust against both codec non-linearities and additive noise. Experimental results further show that the echo-control is effective at suppressing echoes compared to a Normalized Least Mean Squared (NLMS)-based echo cancellation system.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 19, 2007Publication date: March 5, 2009Inventor: Rafid A. Sukkar
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Publication number: 20070263848Abstract: A method, apparatus, system, and program, for evaluating communication signals exchanged between communicating devices through at least one communication path. The method comprises performing a similarity function or distance function to determine if the communication signals include at least one substantially similar pattern, and reporting an existence of a predetermined condition if it is determined in the performing that the communication signals include a substantially similar pattern. The predetermined condition can be, for example, an echo condition in a single talk or double talk condition, and the echo condition can be acoustical or electrical in origin. The method adapts features and techniques that have been used successfully in speech recognition for successful application in the echo detection and double talk contexts, and the similarity function preferably is based on cepstral correlation according to the invention.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 19, 2006Publication date: November 15, 2007Applicant: TELLABS OPERATIONS, INC.Inventor: Rafid Sukkar
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Publication number: 20070263851Abstract: A method, apparatus, system, and program, for evaluating a call communicated between communicating devices through at least one communication path. The method comprises segmenting, into first segments, at least one first communication signal traveling from a first one of the communicating devices to a second one of the communicating devices through the at least one communication path, and segmenting, into second segments, at least one second communication signal traveling from the second one of the communicating devices to the first one of the communicating devices through the at least one communication path. The method also comprises determining predetermined call characteristics based on the first and second segments, and identifying whether an echo is present in the call based on a result of the determining.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 7, 2006Publication date: November 15, 2007Applicant: TELLABS OPERATIONS, INC.Inventors: Rafid A. Sukkar, Peng Zhang
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Publication number: 20070160154Abstract: Background noise, optionally spectrally matched, is performed directly in a coded domain. A Coded Domain Spectrally Matched Noise Injection (CD-SMNI) system modifies at least one parameter of a first encoded signal, resulting in corresponding modified parameter(s). The CD-SMNI system replaces the parameter(s) of the first encoded signal with the modified parameter(s), resulting in a second encoded signal. In a decoded state, the second encoded signal approximates background noise in the first encoded signal in a decoded state. Thus, the first encoded signal does not have to go through intermediate decode/re-encode processes, which can degrade overall speech quality. Computational resources required for a complete re-encoding are not needed. Overall delay of the system is minimized. The CD-SMNI system can be used in any network in which signals are communicated in a coded domain, such as a Third Generation (3G) wireless network using Enhanced Variable Rate Coders (EVRCs).Type: ApplicationFiled: October 24, 2006Publication date: July 12, 2007Inventor: Rafid Sukkar
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Publication number: 20060217969Abstract: Acoustic Echo Suppression (AES) or ES is performed directly in a coded domain. A Coded Domain Acoustic Echo Suppression (CD-AES) system modifies at least one parameter of a first encoded signal, resulting in corresponding modified parameter(s). The CD-AES system replaces the parameter(s) of the first encoded signal with the modified parameter(s), resulting in a second encoded signal which, in a decoded state, approximates a target signal that is a function of two signals, including the first encoded signal and a third encoded signal, in at least partially decoded states. Thus, the first encoded signal does not have to go through intermediate decode/re-encode processes, which can degrade overall speech quality. Computational resources required for a complete re-encoding are not needed. Overall delay of the system is minimized. The CD-AES system can be used in any network in which signals are communicated in a coded domain, such as a Third Generation (3G) wireless network.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 22, 2005Publication date: September 28, 2006Applicant: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventors: Rafid Sukkar, Richard Younce, Peng Zhang
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Publication number: 20060217988Abstract: Adaptive Level Control (ALC) is performed directly in a coded domain. A Coded Domain Adaptive Level Control (CD-ALC) system modifies at least one parameter of a first encoded signal, resulting in corresponding modified parameter(s). The CD-ALC system replaces the parameter(s) of the first encoded signal with the modified parameter(s), resulting in a second encoded signal. In a decoded state, the second encoded signal approximates a target signal that is a function of the first encoded signal in at least a partially decoded state. Thus, the first encoded signal does not have to go through intermediate decode/re-encode processes, which can degrade overall speech quality. Computational resources required for a complete re-encoding are not needed. Overall delay of the system is minimized. The CD-ALC system can be used in any network in which signals are communicated in a coded domain, such as a Third Generation (3G) wireless network.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 22, 2005Publication date: September 28, 2006Applicant: Tellabs Operations, Inc.Inventors: Rafid Sukkar, Richard Younce, Peng Zhang